Soft Skills

Biztalk : PartUpdateDisallowedException Exception

2009-11-14T02:08:00.000-08:00

When you are going to update any message in Construct shape which is already constructed, then you will receive this type of error. Like you are receiving msg1 and just after this receive shape, you are going to construct this message once more. In this type of situation, you will receive this type of error.

Solution:
To resolve this error,create a new message in orchestration view of same type. And use this new message in new message in construct shape. Same problem can occur when you are sending message to .net assembly too. So make sure when you want to update any message, it must be new.

Biztalk : tracking database doesn’t have any records about the selected service instance yet

2009-11-14T02:06:00.000-08:00

I was getting this error while running my biztalk application. After searching on search engine, I have not received any response. Then I tried to see the host instances are working properly or not. And there I found the actual solution. That my application reunning in a host instance(test) was not running. I start that orchestraion and test my application. Its working fine now. Check your Host Instances working properly in which you have configured your BizTalk application. It will resolve your error.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

MySql: Plugin ‘InnoDB’ registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.

2009-11-14T02:04:00.001-08:00

To resolve this error, please go into the following location:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\Data

and delete “ib_logfile0″ and “ib_logfile1″.

Then go to Services and start your MySql. It will resolve the error and start you MySql.
Why: According to my search: Open the my.ini file and check the InnoDB variables’s size. When above file exides the mentioned size it will prompt this(“Plugin ‘InnoDB’ registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.”) error.

Regards,

Vijay Modi

How to Use C# code in vb project. ?

2009-11-14T02:02:00.000-08:00

Today, I was facing a problem to how to use C# code in vb WebProject. I got the solution from the following URL:
http://timheuer.com/blog/archive/2007/02/28/14002.aspx

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Barcode Specifications

2009-11-14T01:58:00.000-08:00

I created an application to generate barcode based on the user inputed data. I have written an application for generating barcode based on “Code 128″. I generated that Borcode based on the following specification.
http://www.spatula.net:8000/proc/barcode/code128.src
You can find all barcode specifications on the following link:
http://www.spatula.net:8000/proc/barcode/index.src

Thanks & Regards,
Vijay Modi

Validation on User Registration

2009-11-14T01:56:00.001-08:00

Mostly we are giving functionality for registration on the website and use the website. And using our registration page, user can register him/her and set the UserName and password whatever he/she want. Here we are inserting some validations on client side and server side for checking the data entered by user is valid or not. However one more validation we require on Server side. This is regarding the UserName. We are providing functionality like user can create any UserName. We are checking on server side that the UserName enetered by User is exist or not. And if userName not exist we are creating that User with the UserName that he/she set on registration page.

However we should set one more validation on this registration page for UserName that the user cannot create UserName with the website domain name. Like if site domain name is “www.testing.com”, then user cannot create UserName, which contains the Domain Name in his UserName. Means user cannot register with UserNmae like ‘testing’, ‘testing123′, ‘123testing123′, ‘123testing’, ect…
This is very important as once user register with these name, he can sent mail to other person using that same ID from the website. So we should add validation on server side that the User cannot register with the UserName which contains domain name.

We should also add validation for some common names too. Like we should add validation on server side that the user cannot register with some common names like “hr”, “info”, “information”, “contacts”. So we should also add these list in our Server Side validation. So that user cannot register with these types of UserName.

Let me know your input for the same.

Thanks & Regards,
Vijay Modi

Find table from Column Name in an MSSQL Database

2009-11-14T01:49:00.000-08:00

From the following query you can find all the tables contains the ‘FirstName’ column.

SELECT
table_name=sysobjects.name,
column_name=syscolumns.name
FROM sysobjects
JOIN syscolumns ON sysobjects.id = syscolumns.id
WHERE sysobjects.xtype=’U’ AND syscolumns.name like ‘FirstName’
ORDER BY sysobjects.name,syscolumns.colid

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Barcode Specifications

2009-10-16T23:17:00.000-07:00

BizTalk: Pass an XLANG message or an XLANG message part to a .Net method call as a parameter in Orchestration. / Call .Net assembly to update the XLan

2009-07-08T02:12:00.000-07:00

Today, I go through a solution to send XLangMessage to .net assembly from an Orchestration and update it. After update I need it in my Orchestration. For this I have created a project which I think it can help others.

I have created an Orchestration project named “CallNetAssemblyBySendingXLangMessageAndUpdate”. I have added the following simple schema in this project named “Book.xsd”.

Then I have created added an orchestration named “CallAssemblyXLangMessage.odx” in project. In this orchestration I am receiving the Book.xsd type message in receive shape. After this I have added the message assignment shape in the transform shape to update the values of message received of Book.xsd type. In this Construct shape I am creating a new message of Book.xsd type. In this message assignment shape I am calling the .net assembly in which I am updating the message.

I am sending the message in .Net assembly method as XLANGMessage parameter. Before going further I want to explain how I am accepting the message and updating it and return it.

For this I have added a new Class Library Project named “UpdateXLangMessage” in the Solution.

You need to create the Book class of Book.xsd created in Orchestration project by using XSD.exe util. You can create this class by using the following command at Visual Studio Command Prompt:

xsd.exe /c Book.xsd

This will create a Book.cs class. Add this project in class library project UpdateXLangMessage.

Now to receive XLangMessage and update it I have added the following class in this project.

========================================================

using System;
using Microsoft.XLANGs.BaseTypes;
namespace UpdateXLangMessage
{
public class UpdateMessage
{
public static Book UpdateBookMessage(XLANGMessage xlngMsg)
{
//Serialize message into Book Object
Book objBook = (Book)xlngMsg[0].RetrieveAs(typeof(Book));
try
{
//Update Book Object
objBook.Author = "Vijay Modi"
objBook.BookID = "00001"
objBook.BookName = "Biztalk 2006 R2"
objBook.Price = "Free"
objBook.Publisher = "Testing Publisher"
}
catch (XLANGsException xlngEx)
{
throw xlngEx;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
//return book object
return objBook;
}
}
}

=========================================================

Build this class. Assign a Strong Name key to this project and add it in GAC using following command in Visual Studio Command Prompt.

gacutil /i UpdateXLangMessage.dll

Now we are going back to our Orchestration project. In Orchestration project add the reference of the .Net class library project.

Now in our Orchestration’s message assignment shape write the following expression:

//msgBookNew is the new message created of Book.xsd schema type
//msgBook is the message received in receive shape
msgBookNew = UpdateXLangMessage.UpdateMessage.UpdateBookMessage(msgBook);

Add the send shape just below the Transform shape in the orchestration. Assign the msgBookNew message in this send shape. The orchestration will look like as below:

Now deploy your orchestration project and test it. Some important reference I have found on the net are as below:

Reference:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/917841
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa995576.aspx

You can write your comments here:)

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Biztalk WSE Web Services Publishing Wizard Unable to load the assembly "…..\BTSTest.dll" [System.IO.FileNotFoundException] File or assembly name......

2009-07-05T02:15:00.000-07:00

Error: Biztalk WSE Web Services Publishing Wizard Unable to load the assembly "…..\BTSTest.dll" [System.IO.FileNotFoundException] File or assembly name Microsoft.XMLANGs.BaseTypes, or one of its dependencies, was not found.

Solution:

To resolve this error you need to install the BtsAdpaterForWSE20-SP1 and need to add the ASPNet Users in BizTalk Isolated Host user group.

You can use the Start -> Administrator Tools-> Computer Mangement -> Local Users & Groups -> Group -> Double click on BizTalk Isolated Host Users and add the ASPNet user.

Could not retrieve transport type data for Receive Location ‘RCVTestLoaction’ from config store. Primary SSO server ‘MYMachine’ failed. Could not ....

2009-07-01T02:18:00.000-07:00

Error: Could not retrieve transport type data for Receive Location ‘RCVTestLoaction’ from config store. Primary SSO server ‘MYMachine’ failed. Could not contact the SSO server ‘MYMachine’. Check that SSo is configured and that the SSo service is running on that server.

Solution:

You will receive this error when you have changed password of your local machine. Please note here, when you changes the password of your local machine, it will not set at the SSO’s configuration. Means it will not change the password in the configuration of SSO. So at this time you will receive this type of error. So to resolve this error you need to go to SSO’s configuration and set the new password of local machine. It will resolve your error.

Note: Whenever you change the password of local machine at this time you need to change the password of all Biztalk services including SSO server too.

How to check xml parameter’s node value is null or empty in MS Sql

2009-06-30T02:22:00.000-07:00

Suppose you are receving XML datatype of message in your stored procedure and you need to extract value from
that xml parameter. Before extracting data you need to check the node is exist or not. Means is that node is empty or not.
You can do it by using the .exist() in MS Sql.

Let me explain using an example.

Suppose we have a @XmlDoc and it contains the ‘’ data.
Here in example we are checking is there any Student contains Maths subject. As you can see in our Xml, it is there so it will return 1. Like the
same way we can check the particular node is exist in xml or not. So to check the value, we can use this way.

DECLARE @XmlDoc XML
SET @XmlDoc = ‘’
DECLARE @docHandle int
IF (@XmlDoc.exist(‘/Student/Subject/Maths’)=1)
PRINT ‘Maths Exist’
ELSE
PRINT ‘Maths Not Exist’
IF (@XmlDoc.exist(‘/Student/Subject/Science’)=1)
PRINT ‘Scienct Exist’
ELSE
PRINT ‘Science Not Exist’

XML parsing: line 1, character 38, unable to switch the encoding

2009-06-27T02:25:00.000-07:00

When you will create an Xml file with the Encoding type UTF-8, they it will give you this error:
“XML parsing: line 1, character 38, unable to switch the encoding”

To resolve this error you need to set the Encoding type to UNICODE i.e. UTF-16. Test it using this encoding type UNICODE / UTF-16, it will resolve your error.

Regards,

Vijay Modi

Biztalk : Illegal attempt to update the value of part ‘part’ in XLANG/s message ‘testMsg’ after the message construction was complete.

2009-06-22T02:27:00.000-07:00

When you are receiving a message and will go to update it in the expression shape, you will receive this type of error. To resolve this you need to construct the new message of the same type and needs to update the value of it in the construct shape using Message Assignment shape.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

MS SQl + XML parsing error: Reference to undeclared namespace prefix

2009-06-18T02:30:00.000-07:00

When a namespace is declared in your xml document / String and you will use the OpenXml in your stored Procedure / Sql Query, you will get this type of error. To remove this error you need to define the namespace while you write the EXECUTE statement in you query/stored procedure.

Suppose you have written the following statement:

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @docHandle OUTPUT, @XmlDoc

So you need to change it with the following one:

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @docHandle OUTPUT, @XmlDoc, ‘’

Where ns0 is the namespace of your xmlDocument, which is defined in the first node of your xml document. Suppose my xml document is as follows:

ID_0
Name_0
Address_0

City_0

Let me know if you have any query:)

Regards,

Vijay Modi

"Service Unavailable" error message

2009-06-14T02:37:00.000-07:00

When you are going to browse your web service or WCF Service, you can get this error “Serviec Unavailable”.

This error may occur if the password of Application pool assigned to Web Service or WCF Service is not correct. So to resolve this one you need to change it. You can change it using the IIS Services.

To change the password of application pool, see the properties of the application pool using IIS Services. and change the password. Restart the IIS using IISReset in Start=>Run.

Test your Web Service or WCF Service, it will work.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

BizTalk: Dynamically create schema nodes using XSLT

2009-06-10T02:40:00.000-07:00

First let us discussed about the problem:I have a source schema which is in the following format:Now I want my destination schema in the following format:Note: Check I want the Ord1 and OrdName1 in OrderInfo as well as Ord2 and OrdName2 in OrderInfo too. So I need the value of above in one record (node) of Destination schema. So for to do the above functionality I have used the BizTalk map. What I have done is I have created a BizTalk map and assign Source.xsd in SourceSchema and Destination.xsd in Destination schema of this map.You can see the snap of my Mapping as follows:Here you can find that I have added just one script Functoids in the mapping of source and destination schema. I have written the following code (XSLT Code) to map both schemas.==========================================================================

<xsl:for-each select="//Order">

<xsl:element name="OrderInfo">

<xsl:element name="OrderID"><xsl:value-of select="Ord1" /></xsl:element>

<xsl:element name="OrderName"><xsl:value-of select="OrdName1" /></xsl:element>

</xsl:element>

</xsl:for-each>

<xsl:for-each select="//Order">

<xsl:element name="OrderInfo">

<xsl:element name="OrderID"><xsl:value-of select="Ord2" /></xsl:element>

<xsl:element name="OrderName"><xsl:value-of select="OrdName2" /></xsl:element>

</xsl:element>

</xsl:for-each>

==========================================================================So Test the map and check the generated destination file.Enjoy BizTalking:)

Biztalk : Could not load file or assembly ‘Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d

2009-06-04T04:17:00.000-07:00

Error: Biztalk : Could not load file or assembly ‘Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a’ or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified

Solution:

This error will come when you will call .net assembly from BizTalk orchestration using Expression shape or Message Assignment shape. The error telling you that the .Net assembly could not loaded means the .Net assembly is not exist in Globle Assembly Cache(GAC). So you have to put the particular assembly in GAC.

You can keep the assembly in GAC using the GACUtil command. Suppose you have the “Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging” file in “C:\program Files\Microsoft Enterprise Library 3.1 – May 2007\Bin” folder. Open the microsoft Visual Studio Command Prompt. Then change the directory to this path(“C:\program Files\Microsoft Enterprise Library 3.1 – May 2007\Bin” ) and write the following command to put the assembly in GAC:GACUtil i/ Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.dllIts will install the Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.dll in GAC.Now restart your BizTalk Service Host and stop and start your BizTalk application. Then test your orchestration. It will resolve your problem.Cheers:)

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Biztalk : Log entry using Microsoft Practice Enterprise Library in .Net assembly / Call .Net assembly using Biztalk Orchestration Expression Shape……

2009-06-04T04:05:00.000-07:00

Its one of the important task in Biztalk to do the Log entry whenever you want in the orchestration. Suppose you have got an error and you need to log it before the Message going in suspended mode. One of the best solution we can use to loggin is the Microsoft Practise Enterprise library. So how will we do it? If you will implement it the first time you will face many problems like how to call .net assembly from an orchestration, configuration etc… So I thought to write an article on this full functionality. I am trying to write here as easy as possible from my side. Please let me know your comments if you have found any mistake in this article.

Important: You need to install the Microsoft Practise Enterprise Library 3.1 in your machine. You can download it from the following link:

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=4c557c63-708f-4280-8f0c-637481c31718&displaylang=en

First you need to create a .Net class library project using VS .net 2005. Like I am creating a project named ‘TestEntLibLogging’.
Create a class named ‘EntLibraryErrorHandler.cs’ in you project.
Make it public and serializable.
Please create a method named ‘LogErrorbyEntLibrary(Exception ex)’ in the above class.

Now you need to add reference Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.dll in you project. To add reference in your project just right click on your project and select ‘Add Reference’. And select the ‘Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.dll’ from list of assembly.

Now add the following library in you class named ‘EntLibraryErrorHandler.cs’:
using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging;

Now in you method ‘LogErrorbyEntLibrary(Exception ex)’, write the following code to log entry:

======================================================
//Create an object of LogEntry
LogEntry objEntry = new LogEntry();

//Assign properties to LogEntry object.
objEntry.Message = ex.ToString();
objEntry.Priority = 1;
objEntry.TimeStamp = DateTime.Now;
objEntry.Categories.Add(“Exception”);

//Do the Log entry.
Logger.Write(objEntry);
========================================================

This code will work perfectly. Now we are going to implement the configuration of the config file using ‘Enterprise Library Configuration’ tool. You can find this too in the Start > Program Files > Microsoft patterns & practices > Enterprise Library 3.1 – May 2007 > Enterprise Library Configuration.

Now open you config file in this by selecting the File Menu > Open.

Now one of the question should come in your mind is which configuration file you need to configure here. Because you have not added any configuration file in you class library project. So the answer is:

You need to configure the ‘BTSNTSvc.exe.config’. You can find this file in your ‘C:\Program Files\Microsoft BizTalk Server 2006′ folder. i.e. where you have install your BizTalk.

So open this configuration file in your Enterprise Library Configuration wizard. Now right click on your config file and add new Logging Application Block by clicking on ‘New > Logging Application Block’.

There select the ‘Tract Listeners’. Right click on it and select the New > Rolling File Trace Listener.

You can select Flat File Trace Listener. Here I am creating Rolling File Trace Listener to creating the File separately for each day.

There see the properties of new added ‘Rolling Flat File Trace Listener’. Select the Formatter and select the ‘Text Formatter’ from the list.
You can update the Template properties inside the Formatter property whatever you want. To chaange the looging file’s path you have to change the property of the FileName. If you want to put the File in C:/Log/rolling.log, then you have to write it in the FileName property.

Now we have created a Rolling File Trace Listener. Now we need to assign it to ‘Formatted EventLog TraceListener’, which is in the ‘Special Sources > Logging Errors & Warnings node’. Select the ‘Formatted EventLog TraceListener’ and in the property window select the Reference Trace Listener to ‘Rolling Flat File Trace Listener’ from the dropdown. You can change the header and footer whatever you want in your logging file.

Now you can find two properties which are very important here. One is the RollFileExistsBehavior and another is RollInterval. The default value of RollFileExistsBehavior has set to OverWrite, which means it will overwrite the existing file. This we need to update to increament. For this just select the dropdown and select increament. This will create a new file based on the interval set there.

The second one is the RollInterval, which is default set to None, means it will not create new file. It will just overwrite the existing file. This we need to set depends on the requirements. I am setting it to Day, means it will daily create a new file for log entry.

Now another property ‘RollSizeKB’, This is one important property if we want to restrict to write in file more than particular size. Like I want to create the logger file not more than 5 kb size. So I will set this property. But for now I don’t require here. But if you want you can set it there.

Now you need to set the ‘Rolling Flat File Trace Listener’ in the ‘Category Sources > General > Formatted EventLog TraceListener’. Just select this node and select the Referenced TraceListener to ‘Rolling Flat File Trace Listener’ from the dropdown.

So your configuration of the config file has been completed now.

Now our remaining part is how to call the .Net assembly (that we have created the .net class library project) from Biztalk orchestration:

I am here write the following code to call the .net assembly from an Expression shape. You need to add the reference in your biztalk project. You have to right click on your biztalk project and select the Add reference. In the add reference wizard, select the Projects tab. There you will find our Class Library project. Select this project and click ok button. So now we have added the Class Library Project’s reference in our BizTalk project. Now you can access all accessible methods in your expression shape.

Write the following sentence in you catch block of the orchestration. Here I expect that you know how to use the catch exception in orchestration. Add an expression shape and write the following sentence to call the method ‘EntLibraryErrorHandler(Exception ex)’.
======================================================
TestEntLibLogging.EntLibraryErrorHandler.LogErrorbyEntLibrary(ex);
//Where ex is the Exception Object Name
======================================================

Note: Now when you run your orchestration you will face a runtime error that the EntLibraryErrorHandler not found. Its reason is that we have not add the Class Library project in GAC. To add the above file in GAC write the following command on Visual Studio Command Prompt:
======================================================
GACUTIL /i EntLibraryErrorHandler.dll
======================================================

Now test your orchestration.
I am first time writing this type of big article on my blog. So there can be some problem. And for time purpose I have not write the steps. But I think you have the initial knowledge of the Biztalk and you can understand it. Let me know if you will have any confusion or query with this article. You can add your comments here.

BizTalk: Dynamically create schema nodes using XSLT

2009-06-02T11:47:00.000-07:00

<xsl:for-each select="//Order">

<xsl:element name="OrderInfo">

<xsl:element name="OrderID"><xsl:value-of select="Ord1" /></xsl:element>

<xsl:element name="OrderName"><xsl:value-of select="OrdName1" /></xsl:element>

</xsl:element>

</xsl:for-each>

<xsl:for-each select="//Order">

<xsl:element name="OrderInfo">

<xsl:element name="OrderID"><xsl:value-of select="Ord2" /></xsl:element>

<xsl:element name="OrderName"><xsl:value-of select="OrdName2" /></xsl:element>

</xsl:element>

</xsl:for-each>

==========================================================================So Test the map and check the generated destination file.Enjoy BizTalking:)

BizTalk: Message Assignment shape. Assign value from one Schema to another Schema.

2009-05-30T12:56:00.000-07:00

We can assign one schema to another by many ways. But best way to assign values to one schema from another schema is to use the Message assignment Shape inside the Message Construct shape. Let’s take an example for it.

Example: Conversion of BillingAddress to ShippingAddress. For this I have two Schemas BillingAddress.xsd and ShippingAddress.xsd. All the elements of both schemas are promoted to Distinguished Fields, so that we can access them in message assignment shape. Both schemas are as follows:

BillingAddress.xsd

ShippingAddress.xsd:

Now I have created an orchestration, in which I am assigning the values of BillingAddress.xsd to ShippingAddress.xsd. For this I have created two messages msgBillingAddress and msgShippingAddress of BillingAddress.xsd and ShippingAddress.xsd types respectively. I have created a variable named varXmlDoc of System.Xml.XmlDocument type. My orchestration will look like the follows:

You can see in the image that there I have added a Receive Shape which will accept the msgBillingAddress and at the last you can see that I have added a Send Shape to send the ShippingAddress using msgShippingAddress. Between these two shapes(Receive & Send Shape), I have added a shape through which I am assigning values of BillingAddress to ShippingAddress message. And for this I have added a Construct shape and inside it I have added a Message Assignment Shape.

Now the purpose of this article is to share how to assign one message to another one. I have added the following code to assign BillingAddress to ShippingAddress message.

//Create a new object of XMLDocument. For this we will use the Variable created as XMLDocument.

varXmlDoc = new System.Xml.XmlDocument();

//We need to Load the variable with dummy XML.

//It can be same as generated instance.

//Note here we have to assign that instance that we need in target, not the //source schema.

varXmlDoc.LoadXml(@"<ns0:ShippingAddress xmlns:ns0=""http://SampleXPath.ShippingAddress"">

<Address1>Test Address1</Address1>

<Address2> Test Address2</Address2>

<State>Test State</State>

<Country>Test Country</Country>

</ns0:ShippingAddress>");

//Assign XMLDocument varSmlDoc variable to ShippingAddress message.

msgShippingAddress = varXmlDoc;

//Assign data to each element

msgShippingAddress.Address1 = msgBillignAddress.Address1;

msgShippingAddress.Address2 = msgBillignAddress.Address2;

msgShippingAddress.City = msgBillignAddress.City;

msgShippingAddress.Country = msgBillignAddress.Country;

msgShippingAddress.State = msgBillignAddress.State;

msgShippingAddress.Zip = msgBillignAddress.Zip;

I think now you can understand how to assign one schema to another schema using Message Assignment shape in BizTalk Orchestration.

Let me know if you have any confusion in this article.

BizTalk : The configuration section for Logging cannot be found in the configuration source.

2009-05-26T12:48:00.000-07:00

You will find this error while you will running / testing your orchestration. The error is telling that the configuration section for logging cannot be found in the configuration source.

So You will go to change your configuration file. I have done the same.

But it will not resolve your problem. The main problem is not in your application's configuration file. But the problem is in the BTSNTSvc.exe.config file, located in your installcation directory. So please enter the logging details in this file. Then test your Orchestration. I am sure it will resolve your problem.Cheers:)

I am adding the following(at 14th August,2008) after getting comments from some friends(E.R. Joell & PeteM). Thanks buddy:

We needs to add the following block in the BTSNTSVC.exe.config file (that you can find in C:/Program Files/Microsoft BizTalk Server 2006) inside the <configSections></configSections>:

======================================================

<section name="loggingConfiguration" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.LoggingSettings, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" />

======================================================

And add the following block just after </ConsigSection>:

======================================================

<loggingConfiguration name="Logging Application Block" tracingEnabled="true"
defaultCategory="General" logWarningsWhenNoCategoriesMatch="true">
<listeners>
<add fileName="C:/log/testrolling.log" rollSizeKB="0" timeStampPattern="yyyy-MM-dd"
rollFileExistsBehavior="Increment" rollInterval="Day" formatter="Text Formatter"
header="----------------------------------------" footer="----------------------------------------"
listenerDataType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.RollingFlatFileTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
traceOutputOptions="DateTime, ProcessId" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners.RollingFlatFileTraceListener, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
name="Rolling Flat File Trace Listener" />
<add listenerDataType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.SystemDiagnosticsTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
traceOutputOptions="DateTime, ProcessId" type="System.Diagnostics.TextWriterTraceListener, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"
name="System.Diagnostics TraceListener" initializeData="C:/Trace/TestTractListener.log" />
</listeners>
<formatters>
<add template="Timestamp: {timestamp}
title: {title}
Message: {message}
Category: {category}
priority: {priority}"
type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Formatters.TextFormatter, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
name="Text Formatter" />
</formatters>
<categorySources>
<add switchValue="All" name="General">
<listeners>
<add name="Rolling Flat File" />
</listeners>
</add>
</categorySources>
<specialSources>
<allEvents switchValue="All" name="All Events" />
<notProcessed switchValue="All" name="Unprocessed Category" />
<errors switchValue="All" name="Logging Errors & Warnings">
<listeners>
<add name="Rolling Flat File Trace Listener" />
</listeners>
</errors>
</specialSources>
</loggingConfiguration>

====================================================

Once more thank to give me a such type of comments so that I can update my articles. I like this.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

The application is already precompiled.

2009-05-25T13:07:00.000-07:00

You will get this error when you are going to build your Web Service. To resolve this error please first make sure no .keep file exist in you this web service. Please remove all .keep files and also move the PrecompiledApp.config file. Its resolve my problem. I think its the solution of this error.

BizTalk Orchestration: How to assign Called Orchestration property of CallOrchestration shape:

2009-05-14T13:12:00.000-07:00

When we have Orchestration in the same project, we can select it directly in Called Orchestration property of the CallOrchestration shape. But when we have called orchestration in reference assembly (Another Project), we need to set the Type Modifier property of that orchestration to Public. By default it is Internal. But to use any orchestration as Referece Assembly in another project for CallOrchestration shape, we need to set its Type Modifier property to public and one more thing that the receive shape of that called orchestration must not Activated(i.e. its Activate property should be False). So an so we can find that orchstration in CallOrchestration's reference assembly else not.

Biztalk : How to comment the Shape used in orchestration?

2009-05-09T12:46:00.000-07:00

I am working on Biztalk 2006 R2 and facing a big problem. I have created an orchestration and for temporary purpose I want to comment some shapes that I have used in this orchestration like we are commenting the code in .net. But I have not found any facility in Biztalk to do it. I think microsoft has to add this functionality in this technology. Let me know your reviews, if you want to add.

At this time to resolve this issue, I am using the decide shape and keeping all unwanted shapes in this decide shape which cannot execute. I have added such type of condition which will never true (i.e. 1==0). So at this time I can run my orchestration and can use those commented shapes(insude the above decide shape) in future if I want. Is it ok?

Let me know if you have any new idea.

ASP.Net + Access to the path 'C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\Test\images\upload\test.jpeg' is denied.

2009-05-05T13:16:00.000-07:00

This error is coming when you are going to upload the file on specified folder. Here I am going to upload test.jpeg in upload folder. When I am going to upload I am getting the following error:

Access to the path 'C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\Test\images\upload\test.jpeg' is denied.

Solution:

For this you have to give the access to this folder. Please follow the steps to resolve this error:

1> Right click on upload folder. Click on properties.

2> Click on Security tab. You can find the window like following:

3> Click on Add button. You will find the following window.

4> Write the Everyone in the "Enter the objecdt names to select[Select]:" textarea.

5> Click on Check Name button and click on ok button.

6> Give full control rights to this Everyone user.

Now test your application. It will works fine.

Javascript + Replace forward slashes '/' with backward slashes '\'.

2009-05-01T13:26:00.000-07:00

Hi friends,

Using following Javascript sysntax you can replace forward slashes ('/') with backward slashes ('\') :

var strReplace = "C:\Temp\Temp1\Temp2\text.jpeg";

strReplace = strReplace.replace(new RegExp(/\\/g),"/");

Regardes,

Vijay

Developers confused with microsoft products like .Net 3.5 ?

2009-04-28T13:29:00.000-07:00

Hi,

Before some days I met my friends and asked microsoft has launched the Visual Studio 2010 with .Net Framework 4.0. I was really very happy to use it. But they (my friends) confused. They told me why microsoft launching new versions quickly. They told me that Microsoft has launched .Net 2.0 in 2005, .Net 3.5 in 2008 and now they have the version in .Net 4.0 2010. Just in distance of two years they have launched three different versions. Even developers have not used the 2.0 properly. May be microsoft has many intelligent software engineers who are developing new versions very quickly. Whatever we are not microsoft. :P

Some one also told me "Microsoft is not solving their problem in their existing product. But launches new version as earlier as others could not find the bugs in earlier version." So I like to ask you are you all now ready to use .net 4.0 2010. I know there are too many features in this version, but ask your self how much do you know about .net 2.0? You can write your comments here.....
Microsoft is very quickly launching new version. Is this good for you or not?

Regards,

Vijay Modi

Context Menu on Mouse Right Click for IE, FireFox Mozilla, Safari.

2009-04-20T13:29:00.000-07:00

After long time, I like to write an article on JavaScript compatibility on different browsers. In this article I am creating a context menu on mouse right click. As we know we can easily create the context menu using javascript, but the main problem is the browser compatibility with this context menu. I am here giving some code to create a context menu. You can use this in any browser. I tested it in Internet Explorer 6.0, Firefox Mozilla 2.0 and Safari 3.0. It's working fine.

Copy and paste the following code in notepad and save it as TestContextMenu.html and test it.

=============================================================

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>¦¦-Browser Compatible Context Menu-¦¦</TITLE>
<META NAME='Generator' CONTENT='Javascript Context Menu'>
<META NAME='Author' CONTENT='Context Menu on Mouse Right Click'>
<META NAME='Keywords' CONTENT='Browser compatible context menu'>
<META NAME='Description' CONTENT='Internet Explorer IE, FireFox, Safari compatible context menu'>
<style>
<!–
.skin0
{
position:absolute;
width:165px;
border:2px solid black;
background-color:#eeddee;
font-family:Verdana;
line-height:20px;
cursor:default;
font-size:14px;
z-index:100;
visibility:hidden;
}
.menuitems
{
padding-left:10px;
padding-right:10px;
}
–>
</style>
<script language=javascript>
//Following function will fired when we click on the right click menu option.
function getSelText(obj)
{
menuobj.style.visibility='hidden'
alert(obj);
}
</script>
</HEAD>

<BODY><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR><BR>
<CENTER>
<P><B>
<H2>Right Click on the document and select an option from the context menu. <BR>This example is tested in Internet Explorer 6.0, Mozila Firefox 2.0 and Safari 3.0. Its working fine in all these browser.<B> </H2><BR><H1>Hurrey…..</H1>
</P></CENTER>
<div id='ie5menu' class='skin0' onMouseover='highlightie5(event)' onMouseout='lowlightie5(event)' onClick='jumptoie5(event)' display:none>
<div class='menuitems' url='#' onmousedown=getSelText('Copy');>Copy</div>
<div class='menuitems' url='#' onmousedown=getSelText('Cut');>Cut</div>
<div class='menuitems' url='#' onmousedown=getSelText('Paste');>Paste</div>
<div class='menuitems' url='#' onmousedown=getSelText('New');>New</div>
<div class='menuitems' url='#' onmousedown=getSelText('Edit');>Edit</div>
<div class='menuitems' url='#' onmousedown=getSelText('Submit');>Submit</div>
</div>

<script language='JavaScript1.2'>
//set this variable to 1 if you wish the URLs of the highlighted menu to be displayed in the status bar
var display_url=0

var ie5=document.all&&document.getElementById
var ns6=document.getElementById&&!document.all
if (ie5||ns6)
var menuobj=document.getElementById('ie5menu')

function showmenuie5(e)
{
//Find out how close the mouse is to the corner of the window
var rightedge=ie5? document.body.clientWidth-event.clientX : window.innerWidth-e.clientX
var bottomedge=ie5? document.body.clientHeight-event.clientY : window.innerHeight-e.clientY

//if the horizontal distance isn't enough to accomodate the width of the context menu
if (rightedge<menuobj.offsetWidth)
//move the horizontal position of the menu to the left by it's width
menuobj.style.left=ie5? document.body.scrollLeft+event.clientX-menuobj.offsetWidth : window.pageXOffset+e.clientX-menuobj.offsetWidth
else
//position the horizontal position of the menu where the mouse was clicked
menuobj.style.left=ie5? document.body.scrollLeft+event.clientX : window.pageXOffset+e.clientX

//same concept with the vertical position
if (bottomedge<menuobj.offsetHeight)
menuobj.style.top=ie5? document.body.scrollTop+event.clientY-menuobj.offsetHeight : window.pageYOffset+e.clientY-menuobj.offsetHeight
else
menuobj.style.top=ie5? document.body.scrollTop+event.clientY : window.pageYOffset+e.clientY

menuobj.style.visibility='visible'
return false
}

function hidemenuie5(e)
{
menuobj.style.visibility='hidden'
}

function highlightie5(e)
{
var firingobj=ie5? event.srcElement : e.target
if (firingobj.className=='menuitems'||ns6&&firingobj.parentNode.className=='menuitems')
{
if (ns6&&firingobj.parentNode.className=='menuitems') firingobj=firingobj.parentNode //up one node
firingobj.style.backgroundColor='#00AAff'
firingobj.style.color='white'
if (display_url==1)
window.status=event.srcElement.url
}
}

function lowlightie5(e)
{
var firingobj=ie5? event.srcElement : e.target
if (firingobj.className=='menuitems'||ns6&&firingobj.parentNode.className=='menuitems')
{
if (ns6&&firingobj.parentNode.className=='menuitems')
{
firingobj=firingobj.parentNode;
}
firingobj.style.backgroundColor='' ;
firingobj.style.color='black' ;
window.status='';
}
}

function jumptoie5(e)
{
var firingobj=ie5? event.srcElement : e.target;
if (firingobj.className=='menuitems'||ns6&&firingobj.parentNode.className=='menuitems')
{
if (ns6&&firingobj.parentNode.className=='menuitems') firingobj=firingobj.parentNode;
if (firingobj.getAttribute('target'))
window.open(firingobj.getAttribute('url'),firingobj.getAttribute('target'));
else
window.location=firingobj.getAttribute('url');
}
}

if (ie5||ns6)
{
menuobj.style.display='';
document.oncontextmenu=showmenuie5 ;
document.onclick=hidemenuie5;
}
</script>
</BODY>
</HTML>

==============================================================

Note: I came to know from some comments that the Code is not working. I here note that the code was not working due to the problem with " character. I don't know but it was encrypted. I retype the code here and think that it will work. Let me know if you found any problem. Thank you...

Enjoy this......

Reference: http://www.dynamicdrive.com

Syntax Difference between MS Sql and My Sql

2009-04-15T13:40:00.000-07:00

I got some problem with the guys that they want to know the exact difference between the syntax of MS Sql and My Sql. So I like to write this article on this blog. As you see my articles, I have also write an article for the commercial difference between these two Databases. You can see this article on the following url:

http://vijaymodi.wordpress.com/2007/03/28/my-sql-vs-ms-sql/

Now I like to give the syntax difference between these two databases. Let me start it now...

> If you want to retrieve the first (Top) four rows from a table by using query you have to write TOP in MS Sql. While for the same purpose, you need to write LIMIT in mysql. The syntax are as follows:

MS SQL:

SELECT TOP(4) * FROM TableName ORDER BY FieldName

MY Sql:

SELECT * FROM TableName ORDER BY FieldName LIMIT 4

> My Sql can insert multiple rows at a time, while MS Sql cannot.

MS SQL:

INSERT INTO tablename VALUES (1,'AAA'); INSERT INTO tablename VALUES (2,'BBB'); INSERT INTO tablename VALUES (3,'CCC');

MY SQL:

INSERT INTO tablename VALUES (1,'AAA') , (2,'BBB') , (3,'CCC');

> MSSQL doesn't have CHARACTER_LENGTH. Provides the LEN and DATALENGTH functions instead (the latter is especially valid for 'special' data types like the TEXT type).while MYSQL

Provides CHARACTER_LENGTH.
Aliases: CHAR_LENGTH, LENGTH. Note that MySQL removes trailing (not leading) spaces from CHAR values before counting.

To See the other more important difference visit the following link:

http://troels.arvin.dk/db/rdbms/

VS 2008 Beta 2 Silverlight Reference Problems

2009-04-09T13:44:00.000-07:00

I have installed VS 2008 Beta 2, Silverlight Alpha Refresh and the Silverlight tools for VS.

Then I have created a SilverLightProject. But when I am going to build this project I am getting the following warnings:

The following reference not found:

'agclr'
'mscorlib'
'system'
'System.Core'
'system.Xml.core'
'system.silverlight'

I cannot understand why this problem is comming.

I tried on the net. But not getting any solution. Then I tyied the following and solve the problem.

First I Install the "Microsoft Silverlight Tools Alpha for Visual Studio 2008 Beta 2".

Then re open the Visual Studio SilveLightProject, which I was created before. Then tried to build it. Still facing the same problem.

Second I Install the "Microsoft Silverlight 1.1 Alpha".
Then re open the Visual Studio SilveLightProject, which I was created before. Then tried to build it. Its amazing....:) Its working fine now....

Its working now.

I found that before installaton of "Microsoft Silverlight 1.1 Alpha" that, there in "Program Files\Microsoft Silverlight" folder did not contan the above reference dll. So I was getting errors. But after complete this installation, I got these all dll's there and so my problem was solved.

So try like this. Enjoy the SilveLight.:)

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Cannot insert explicit value for identity column in table 'tblTestTable' when IDENTITY_INSERT is set to OFF.

2009-04-02T13:47:00.000-07:00

Suppose you have a table in MS Sql with two Columns.

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[tblTest](
[Test_Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[Test_Name] [varchar](200) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_tblTest] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[Test_Id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, FILLFACTOR = 90) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

Now you are inserting the three values in this table:

Insert Into tblTest(Test_Name) values("Test1")
Insert Into tblTest(Test_Name) values("Test2")
Insert Into tblTest(Test_Name) values("Test3")

So your table will look like as follows:

1 Test1
2 Test2
3 Test3

Now you are deleting second row of the table using the following syntax:

DELETE From tblTest where Test_Id=2

Now you table will looks like the following:

1 Test1
3 Test3

Now you are going to insert a row with the following query:

Insert Into tblTest(Test_Id,Test_Name) values(2, "TestTemp2")

when you execute this query, you will face the following error:

This error is coming when we have a Identity Specification is 'Yes' and IsIdentity is also 'Yes', Identity Increament is set to(1/2/...).

So you are unable to insert this type of row, because sql know that the Test_Id is the Identity_Column and so you cannot insert the value which already inserted. So to resolve this error, you have to set the Column_Identity ON by using the following syntax.

SET IDENTITY_INSERT tblOrderItemStatus ON

Then try to insert the row using the above same query, which was as following:

Insert Into tblTest(Test_Id,Test_Name) values(2, "TestTemp2")

Now you need to reset the Column_Identity OFF. You can do it just by the following syntax:

SET IDENTITY_INSERT tblOrderItemStatus OFF

Is it resolve your problem. Howdy buddy?....

.Net 3.5 XAMP: {System.Security.SecurityException: Request for the permission of type 'System.Security.Permissions.UIPermission, mscorlib, Version=2.0

2009-03-29T13:49:00.000-07:00

Today I am trying to work on WPFBrowserApplication. I face the following error. I don't understand how to resolve this problem. I tried on search engine. Then I go to the project's property. There I found in the 'Security' tab that the permission was given are: FileDialogPermission & IsolatedStorageFilePermission. But for this I need FileIOPermission too. So I check radio button 'This is a full trust application'. Then I tried to run the application. And its running very fine. Your security tab should look like the following:

Sometimes problems are too easy then time spent to resolve it.

Vijay Modi

MS Sql Server: Alter Table set default value

2009-03-26T13:50:00.000-07:00

Hi Friends,

Do you want to know how to Alter Table for adding new column with Default value? The sysntax of sql server is:

ALTER TABLE table
{
ADD
{
column_name data_type [ ( size ) ]
[ DEFAULT value ]
{ [ NULL | NOT NULL ] | [ { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE } ] }
{ [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] }
}
|
ALTER COLUMN column_name
{
data_type [ ( size ) ] [ ( precision [ , scale ] ) ]
[ NULL | NOT NULL ]
}
|
DROP { COLUMN column_name | [ CONSTRAINT ] constraint_name }
}

table: Specifies which table is to be altered.
column_name: The name of the column being added, altered, or dropped.
data_type: The data type of the column being added or altered.
size: Is the length of the data that can be entered into a field.
DEFAULT value: Is the default value for the column being altered.
NULL | NOT NULL: Is a parameter that indicates whether a column can or cannot contain null values.
PRIMARY KEY: Is a parameter that identifies the column or set of columns whose values uniquely identify each row in a table. Each table can only have one primary key constraint.
UNIQUE: Is a constraint that enforces the uniqueness of the values in a set of columns.
constraint_name: The name of the constraint to be added or dropped.
precision: Specifies the precision for the data type.
scale: Specifies the scale for the data type.

The ALTER TABLE statement can be used to modify an existing table by adding, altering, or dropping columns and indexes.

Reference: http://www.devguru.com/technologies/t-sql/7120.asp

So when you want to set the default value when you are adding a new column in the databse table, you can use the following example. I have created a column named 'tempTest' and its datatype is 'bit' and default value is '0' i.e. false.

ALTER TABLE tblTable
ADD isTempTest bit NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT [DF_tblTable_isTempTest] DEFAULT ((0))

I have added CONSTRAINT 'DF_tblTable_isTempTest' to set the default value 0.

You can add you comment here.

ASP.Net Error: The web server is not configured correctly

2009-03-21T13:50:00.000-07:00

This error will be as follows:

I resolve this error by following steps:

1> Right click on the project and select property option.

2> Go to the Web tag and you have to set the Use Visual Studio Development server instead of User IIS Web Server.

I have resolved this problem just by following above steps. I think it will help you to resolve your problem too.

Retrieving the COM class factory for component with CLSID {...} failed due to the following error: 80040154.

2009-03-18T13:53:00.000-07:00

hi,

you can find the solution on the following link:

http://riteshk.blogspot.com/2007/05/retrieving-com-class-factory-failed-due.html

U can also check the following one.

http://forums.asp.net/p/1249300/2317080.aspx

Regards,

Vijay Modi

DataReader problem + OutPutParameter

2009-03-15T13:53:00.000-07:00

I was faced this problem yesterday. I search on Google Search engine, but found that we cannot get the OutPutParameter before closing the datareader. So if you want to get the output parameter, you have to close the datareader. After closing datareader, you can got the output parameter. But after closing the datareader you cannot retrieve out data. So if you want to resolve this problme, You have to go through the following :

If you output parament name is @IsExist
SET it with your conditions and query in Stored Procedure

SET @IsExist =1

Then Just add the SELECT statement like :

SELECT @IsExist AS IsExist

Now you can get this variable from Coding(C#) as following

IDataReader = db.Execure(dbCommand);
bool blnIsExist = (Boolean)dr["IsExist"];

Enjoying na:)
Regards,
Vijay Modi

Server Side ViewState + Performance Improvement

2009-03-12T13:54:00.000-07:00

I assume you all who are reading this article knows about ViewState. So now some times our webpage contains lot of controls, or datagrid/gridview or some dead controls. In this situation it can grow very large. And if we are using viewstate then It will dead effect on performance.

So the solution is to remove viewstate from the client side and keep it on Seaver. There are some drawbacks to store the it on Searver Side. What I am doing is that I have override the method that store and retrieves the ViewState, namely SavePageStateToPersistenceMedium and LoadPageStateFromPersistenceMedium. By overriding these two intrinsic methods, we can intercept the ViewState process and perform our magic. What we are doing is simply this: You have a bunch of baggage. Probably way too much. But you only really need it when you visit the server (such as on a postback). So, instead of making you carry it all with you (which can slow down the plane and make other passengers very unhappy), we are going to arrange for you to leave it in a special place at the server, and pick it up again when you get back there. Everything works the same; you just don't have to lug it all with you. Make sense?

This is far from a new idea; there are a number of implementations of this technique. The best one I found is by Robert Boedigheimer here. Robert's solution provides a new BasePage class which handles these operations, and a viewStateServerMgr class that handles the serialization and deserialization. His implementation is the only one I've seen that also accounts for the fact that with IE, users can hit the back button and we would need to "go back" to the previous viewstate for that page in the cache. Robert made the assumption that since ViewState is unique to each user, he would store and retrieve the ViewState for each page in Session state. However, there are at least three other "places" that we can stick our serialized ViewState object, and we can still account for unique users with a unique key such as the SessionID. If we do this, we can set Session to be readonly (assuming we don't need to write to it) and thus get an additional performance boost. Those options are Application, Cache, and a static global class instance holding, for example, a Hashtable.

A simplified code example of this model, with a different implementation of a unique user key, could be as follow:

protected override void SavePageStateToPersistenceMedium(object viewState)
{
string str = "VIEWSTATE_" + Request.UserHostAddress + "_" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
Cache.Add(str, viewState, null, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(Session.Timeout),TimeSpan.Zero, CacheItemPriority.Default, null);
RegisterHiddenField("__VIEWSTATE_KEY", str);
RegisterHiddenField("__VIEWSTATE", "");
}

protected override object LoadPageStateFromPersistenceMedium()
{
string str = Request.Form["__VIEWSTATE_KEY"];
if (!str.StartsWith("VIEWSTATE_")) {
throw new Exception("Invalid viewstate key:" + str);
}
return Cache[str];
}

So what I did was to wire up Robert's class with some choices that could be set in the web.config -- to make it automatically use Session, Application, Cache, or my global static class, depending on the web.config setting. I then set about to create two pages. The first page uses Robert's BasePage class to inherit from, and implements the server - side ViewState scheme. The second page inherits from the typical System.Web.UI.Page class, and Viewstate is stored "in the page" as usual. Each page is essentially the same, and each page creates 1000 small viewstate entries in the Page_Load handler on first load. Each page also has a bit of javascript written to it with "Defer" - which makes the script wait until the page and all other script is rendered, and then it causes the page to postback. In this manner, I could easily run a series of web stress tests with Homer (now called "Web Application Stress") and I wouldn't have to bother with making a GET and a POST in my tests. All I am really interested in is the throughput and average requests per second under load for each scenario.

As an informational note, many developers will ask "Why didn't you use ACT from Visual Studio.NET?". ACT is great for demos where you want to show people a nice real-time graph, but my personal opinion is that it is nowhere near as reliable or feature-rich as Homer. After a number of years of this testing thing, including several eye-opening weeks at the MS Testing Lab in Charlotte, I have come to trust Homer.

Before going any further, let's take a look at the test results, which may
surprise you. We ran this test with a client machine and a server machine over a
wireless network. The server is a P4 with 1 GB RAM running Windows Server 2003
and IIS in Worker Process Isolation (HTTP.SYS) mode. We ran a two minute test
with 20 simultaneous threads and no delay. This can be considered moderate
stress. None of the tests had any HTTP or socket errors. The regular ViewState
test without the server-side scheme is in the first column, then the four server
side schemes follow:

	VIEWSTATE WEB STRESS COMPARISON
TEST NAME	VIEWSTATE	SESSION	APPLICATION	CACHE	GLOBALS
NUMBER OF HITS	3322	18483	18476	20170	16723
REQUESTS /SEC	27.64	153.8	153.74	167.84	140.32
TOTAL BYTES REC'D (KB)	68016.63	22923.25	22977.13	25074.51	20798
PERCENT DIFFERENCE	N/A	456.44%	456.22%	507.24%	407.67%

As can be seen above, the winner is - surprise - storing the ViewState in
Cache, at almost 168 requests per second. That is an approximate 500
percent improvement in throughput over regular ViewState. All of the
server-side options outperformed regular ViewState, with static global Hashtable
storage being the worst performer. You can download the solution I used to
create these tests below, and tweak it if you like. I'd be interested in anyone
else's results in this area.

Conclusion: ASP.NET ViewState is a great invention that makes the developer's life easier. It also can create a lot of HTML baggage that slows down performance. By storing ViewState in either Session or Cache, you can have your ViewState and eat it, too.
Taking the time to develop a quality stress testing scenario to prove out (or disprove) one's hypotheses provides the scientific basis in fact to help developers make educated, sound decisions about their application architecture.

You can get an example of it from the following link:

Download the Solution that accompanies this article

Reference: Peter A. Bromberg : http://www.eggheadcafe.com/articles/20040613.asp

http://www.codeproject.com/aspnet/ServerViewState.asp
Regards,
Vijay Modi

The following module was built either with optimizations enabled or without debug information

2009-03-08T13:55:00.000-07:00

When you find this bug, follow the following steps in sequence:

1>Go to bin folder of you project and remove the dll where you find above error.
2> Browse the project and right click on bin folder and uncheck readonly checkbox. Click OK.
3> Right click on project and click on add reference option. Add the existing project as dependency project.
4> Build web service and test it.

It will resolve your problem. If you find more help send me reply he in comments.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Button onClick and onClientClick

2009-03-07T13:59:00.000-08:00

Today I got a comment regarding what is the difference between onClick and onClientClick. So I think to write a small article on it.

Please find the following code for. I write the code for .aspx page. Copy and paste this code in your aspx page.

========================================================================================

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
function confirmthis()
{
if(confirm("Do you want to do a server trip?"))
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" OnClick="Button1_Click" OnClientClick="return confirmthis();" Text="Click Me..." /></div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

========================================================================================

Copy and paste following code in your code behind(aspx.cs) page.

========================================================================================

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
TextBox1.Text="U click Button1"
}

========================================================================================

Now run your project. just Click on the button "Click Me...". It will ask to "Do you want to do a server trip?". If you select YES then you will do a server trip and when you select NO you will not redirect to server. So here for validation purpose we are using onClientClick and for doing process on server side, we are using onClick.
Best Regards,
Vijay Modi

JavaScript + Blinking /Flash behind TextBox

2009-03-06T13:59:00.000-08:00

Hi today I trying to make a blinking text box and found an important script from the web. I have created a html page and test it. Its really very good script. So if do you want to craete a blinking textbox, go through the following code and you can create your own blinking textbox.

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Blinking TextBox </TITLE>
<script>
window.Blink = function(args)
{
args = (/,/.test(args))? args.split(/,/): [args,'#FFD100',10];
var who = document.getElementById(args[0]);
var count = parseInt(args[2]);
if (--count <=0)
{
who.style.backgroundColor = '';
if(who.focus) who.focus();
}
else
{
args[2]=count+'';
who.style.backgroundColor=(count%2==0)? '': args[1];
args='\"'+args.join(',')+'\"';
setTimeout("Blink("+args+")",500);
}
}
</script>
</HEAD>

<BODY onLoad="Blink('name');">
<table>
<tr>
<td width="50"><b>Name:</b></td>
<td width="300">
<input id="name" type="text">
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td width="50"><b>E-mail:</b></td>
<td width="300">
<input id="email" type="text">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="button" value="Submit" onClick="alert('Your form would have been submitted')">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Regards,
Vijay Modi

JavaScript Events

2009-03-04T14:00:00.000-08:00

Hi Friends,

I am here giving some Events regarding buttons in JavaScript.

onClick

We've already used this event quite a lot. But you can use it with buttons, images, links, radio buttons, check boxes. Here's a simple onClick event used with an image:

<IMG SRC = red.jpg onClick = "alert('No stealing the images!')">

onDblClick

Same as above, really. Try inserting Dbl into onClick and see what happens.

onKeyDown

This events fires when a key on your keyboard is pressed. It applies to buttons, textboxes, text areas, and links. If you had a search box on a form, for example, you might want to activate the search when the user presses the Return/Enter key on the keyboard. For Netscape users, though, you need to use this:

window.captureEvents(Event.KEYPRESS)

And that's only the start of your problems!

An easier example of the KeyDown event that works in both browsers is this:

<INPUT type = text onKeyDown = "alert('Key pressed')">

onMouseOver

You've seen this in action already when we wrote the script for the "dancing hand". Associated events are onMouseOut and onMouseDown. They are mainly used for links and images. A typical use of onMouseOver is to swap images around when creating a rollover effect.

Onblur

This event takes places when objects lose focus. If you click inside one text box then click outside it the textbox has lost focus. That's when the onBlur event fires.

<INPUT TYPE = text onBlur = "alert('Lost focus')">

Here's an example. Click inside the first text box, then click inside the second one.

When you move away from the textbox, you should see the alert box. You can write code to check if something like an email address is correct. If not, you can reset the text box to a blank string.

onSubmit

This is a very useful event that can be used for data validation on a form. You can use this event with a Submit button. The details on the form can then be checked for errors. If you catch any errors, you can then stop the form's details from being submitted. Here's an example. Note the use of the word return. This is set to a Boolean value. If return is false then the form doesn't get submitted; if it's true then the form is submitted. (More about return in the next section.)

<FORM name = f1 onSubmit = "return Validate()">

<INPUT Type = Submit Value = " Send ">

</FORM>

The form is not much good because it only has a submit button. But notice where the onSubmit event is - in the FORM tag, and not with the Submit button.

Here's the Validate() function. It doesn't do any checking. All it does is to display an alert message.

function Validate() {

Details = false

if (Details == false) {

alert("errors detected")

return false

}

if (Details == true) {

alert("Form Submitted")

return true

}

}

In the function, we've set a variable (Details) to false. This is just for testing purposes, and means the user has filled out the form incorrectly. Look at the two return values, though. If the Details are false then return gets set to false, and the form isn't submitted; if the Details are true then return is true, and the form is submitted.

If you want, add a Method and an Action to your Form. Like this one:

<form name = f1 onSubmit = "return Validate()"

Method = post Action="Mailto:MyEmailAddress@MyISP.com" Enctype="text/plain">

(The Enctype will send the details in plain text that's much easier to read.)

Test out the code on a web page. Change the Details variable to true and click the button. We're going to do some real error checking in the next section, and we'll meet onSubmit again.

Speaking of that next section - let's get right to it.

Reference: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/kayseycarvey/jss3p3.html

Regards,

Vijay Modi

Javascript Parent Child window / window.open method / Open PopUp window

2009-02-28T14:00:00.000-08:00

Do you want to open PopUp window from your current window. It can open by using javascript's window.open method. The new opened window is called the Child window and from which window you have open it is called Parent window.

The syntax of window.open is as follows:

open (URL, windowName[, windowFeatures])

Where URL is the url of the page which you want to open.
windowname is a name given to the new window
windowFeatures is the string which can include status bar, address bar etc.. window features will be included in the new popup window.

For example:
window.open ("http://vijaymodi.wordpress.com","Vijay Modi's Blog");

will opens a new browser window with standard features.

To open a window with statusbar and toolbar you have to write the following code:

window.open ("http://vijaymodi.wordpress.com","Vijay Modi's Blog","status=1,toolbar=1");

The following table shows the features and the string tokens you can use in the features depends on your requirements:

status The status bar at the bottom of the window.
toolbar The standard browser toolbar, with buttons such as Back and Forward.
location The Location entry field where you enter the URL.
menubar The menu bar of the window
directories The standard browser directory buttons, such as What's New and What's Cool
resizable Allow/Disallow the user to resize the window.
scrollbars Enable the scrollbars if the document is bigger than the window
height Specifies the height of the window in pixels. (example: height='350')
width Specifies the width of the window in pixels.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Javascript Parent Child window / window.open method / Open PopUp window

2009-02-22T14:00:00.000-08:00

window.open ("http://vijaymodi.wordpress.com","Vijay Modi's Blog","status=1,toolbar=1");

The following table shows the features and the string tokens you can use in the features depends on your requirements:

status The status bar at the bottom of the window.
toolbar The standard browser toolbar, with buttons such as Back and Forward.
location The Location entry field where you enter the URL.
menubar The menu bar of the window
directories The standard browser directory buttons, such as What's New and What's Cool
resizable Allow/Disallow the user to resize the window.
scrollbars Enable the scrollbars if the document is bigger than the window
height Specifies the height of the window in pixels. (example: height='350')
width Specifies the width of the window in pixels.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

ASP.Net Send mail

2009-02-18T14:15:00.000-08:00

I have write a function to send mail in asp.net. Sending mail is an important feature of each and every project. And so I write this article and providing one function to send mail.

Public Function SendMail(ByVal Sender As String, ByVal Receiver As String, ByVal Subject As String, _
ByVal CC As String, ByVal BCC As String, ByVal Message As String)

Dim NewMailToUser As New MailMessage
NewMailToUser.To = Receiver
NewMailToUser.From = Sender

If Not (CC = String.Empty) OrElse Not IsNothing(CC) Then
NewMailToUser.Cc = CC
End If

If Not (BCC = String.Empty) OrElse Not IsNothing(BCC) Then
NewMailToUser.Bcc = BCC

End If

NewMailToUser.Subject = Subject
NewMailToUser.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html
NewMailToUser.Body = Message
SmtpMail.SmtpServer = String.Empty 'SMTP server name or address. You have to change depends on your SMTP server
SmtpMail.Send(NewMailToUser)

End Function

You can use this function to send mail and you can call it as following:

SendMail(strSender, strTo, strSubject, Nothing, Nothing, strMessage)

Enjoying Programming,
Regards,
Vijay Modi

CGI Error-The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of HTTP headers

2009-02-18T14:14:00.000-08:00

The "CGI Header" error typically this happens more on a faster machine (it has to do with timing of IIS/PHP and database connections). Logging out of the PureCMS system might result in IIS responding with a CGI Error. Refreshing the client browser (press the F5 key) typically results in the login page correctly appearing. If this error happens regularly, try configuring your web server to be optimized for Programs (not Background Services). These options can be found in the System control panel under Performance Options.

There is another option if optimizing your Web server for Programs does not solve the problem. There is a free utility called "FastCGI" that is a generic "plug in" for IIS that helps to execute CGI applications (PHP, Perl, etc.) faster by pooling those processes rather than making IIS launch them for every request. This has been shown to work well with PureCMS to avoid the "CGI Header Error" issues mentioned above.

Setting Up FastCGI on IIS for PureCMS

Download http://www.caraveo.com/fastcgi/fastcgi-0.6.zip and unpack isapi_fcgi.dll.
Place the "isapi_fcgi.dll" file into the "App\PHP" subfolder of your PureCMS installation directory, e.g. "D:\PureCMS\App\PHP" (the same directory as php.e-x-e)
Copy and paste the following text (between the "----" lines) into a text editor (such as Notepad). Modify the file path for PHP appropriately (point it to your installation folder for PureCMS), and save the file with a ".reg" extension. Then double-click that file and click "Yes" to merge this information into your registry. Make sure that the file names are in 8.3 format. For example, instead of "c:\program files\globalscape\purecms" use "c:\progra~1\global~1\purecms".
------------------- fastcgi.reg -------------------------
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\FASTCGI]
"StartServers"=dword:00000005
"IncrementServers"=dword:00000002
"MaxServers"=dword:00000019
"Timeout"=dword:00000258

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\FASTCGI\.php]
"AppPath"="D:\\PureCMS\\app\\php\\php.exe"
"BindPath"="php-fcgi"
---------------------------------------------------------

Change script mappings for .PHP to point to D:\PureCMS\app\php\isapi_fcgi.dll instead of PHP.exe. This is done in the IIS manager: right-click on the PureCMS site and choose "Properties." Change to the "Home Directory" tab and click the "Configuration" button in the bottom right. Go to the "App Mappings" tab. Find the ".php" extension in the "Application Mappings" list, click it and choose "Edit." For the Executable entry, "Browse" and find the isapi_fcgi.dll location and choose that.
If you are configuring IIS on a Win2K3 machine, you must also take the extra step of adding it as an allowed ISAPI extension. (see IIS help file for more details, or ask us to help!)
If you are not running on Win2K3, you should toggle Application protection from "High" to Medium" to "High" due to some weird IIS issue. To do so, right-click on your PureCMS site in IIS manager and choose Properties. In the "Home Directory" tab, change the "Application Protection" list to "Medium" and press APPLY. Then change it back to "High" and press Apply again. If you are curious about why this is necessary, read here: http://www.ensim.com/support/wwp/documents/wwp_pro_3.2_docs/wwp32_applHelp/WebHelp/Sites-related.htm
Copy PHP.INI from d:\PureCMS\Main\ into d:\PureCMS\App\php\php.ini (this is a very important step!!!)
8) For FastCGI to work properly, you will need to use PHP 4.3.4; PureCMS ships with PHP 4.3.3.
Download PHP 4.3.4 here, and unzip the following files into your PureCMS PHP folder (e.g. c:\program files\globalscape\purecms\app\php\) -- overwrite whatever files are already there: php.exe, php_ts.dll, and mssql.dll
Restarted the web server. To do so, open a command prompt window and type "iisreset".
Access PureCMS from a browser. Installing FastCGI should eliminate the "This application has misbehaved" errors.
Reference: http://help.globalscape.com/help/purecms3/Error_Message__CGI_Error-The_specified_CGI_application_misbehaved_by_not_returning_a_complete_set_of_HTTP_headers.htm

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Runtime Error Description: An application error occurred on the server. The current custom error settings for this application prevent the details of

2009-02-14T14:15:00.000-08:00

Hello Friends,

Its not actually an error. Its a message telling you that you cannot view the error.

You have to do the following to resolve this problem.

First setting in the web.config will display you the actual errror. Also check if you have the correct .NET version installed on the server and your \test folder is configured to the right .net version.

If still getting the same error the do the following:

In the IIS, right click on your website and in the properties dialog, click on the ASP.NET tab and set the correct version. For example see the following snap.

If you find this article resolved your problem, please add your comments. You can add your suggesions too.
Regards,
Vijay Modi

COM+ was unable to talk to the Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator

2009-02-09T14:33:00.000-08:00

To resolve this problem go through the following steps:

Go to Start > Run
Write the cmd and click on ok button. Command prompt will open.
Write the following commands
> msdtc -uninstall
> msdtc -install

This will resolve your problem.

You can see another solution on the following link too:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/867520

Regards,
Vijay Modi

ASP.Net + Removing controls from groupbox using ForEach loop

2009-02-05T14:33:00.000-08:00

Hi Friends,

Yesterday I was resolving a problem. I was getting that I am removing same control from a group box. I am giving you an example. I add 10 same controls dynamically in the group box. Then on one click on Remove button, I need to remove all these controls from group box. The code was written by me was as follows:

foreach (Control ctl in grp1.Controls)
{
if (ctl.GetType().ToString().EndsWith(".ctl1"))
{
grp1.Controls.Remove(ctl);
}
}

When I debug this code, understand the problem that all the controls are not removing from this group box. Then I change the logic with the following one.

int intNoOfControls = grp1.Controls.Count;
for (int i = intNoOfControls - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (grp1.Controls[i].GetType().ToString().EndsWith(".ctl1"))
{
grp1.Controls.Remove(grp1.Controls[i]);
}
}

This code working perfect and resolve the problem. But do you know what was the problem there in for each loop? Its really very interesting. When I am going to remove control from for each loop its removing and compare with the (group box controls -1) controls (i.e. its reinitialize the controls). So its not removing all the controls from the group box.

Note: If you want to add your comments for this article please add it below. Your suggesion are really great advice for me.

Thanks Buddy,
Vijay Modi

DataGridView + Focus to a Row Cell

2009-02-02T14:33:00.000-08:00

I have to check the validation of DataGridView and have to check the value should not repeate more then one time. I Solve this problem just by adding the following two lines of code and its working very fine. Do you facing the same problem, Please go through and it will definetely resolve your problem.

If you know the cell, like having a reference to it from the variable desiredCell you can simply do the following:

dataGridView1.CurrentCell = desiredCell;
dataGridView1.BeginEdit(true);

Solve na?? Now add your comments buddy. :)
Regards,
Vijay Modi

BizTalk : Deployment cannot initialize the connection to the database "BizTalkMgmtDb" on server "HOME".

2009-01-30T14:34:00.000-08:00

To resolve this problem on the project properties inside Visual Studios, you need to change that to the server(HOME) you want to deploy to.

Error creating window handle

2009-01-28T14:34:00.000-08:00

I faced this problem during a search screen. When I got the record in my GridView and click on a link I am opening a window form. The problem arise when I open 15 to 16 times the window.

Problem:The error is because windows has a limit of 1000 windows handles so I presume data grid returns more than 1000 or near enough rows. We need to reuse the same object rather than creating a new control every time.

Solution: To resolve this problem we have to open the task manager and add the columns Handles, Threads, User Objects, GDI Objects by clicking the View-> Select column. Now run your application and check which is increasing frequently once you complete the functionality. In my application I found the USER Objects increasing very quickly. I check my code and found that I was not disposing the objects and so its increasing. In my application I found that User Objects reach 10000 and it locks to load controls. So to resolve it I have set the objects to null and dispose the controls which were not required and when the window is going to close. It can possible that problem can arise from the Handlers. So at this time we have to detach all the event handlers when we close the window or we have to check is the handler is exist and if not exist then we have to create it else not. So this is one of the important article I faced it and really interested thats possible even .Net has Garbage Collection features. So we should remember that we don't require any control just dispose it. So keep in mind it because its very important.

You can add your comments and suggesions here. Do it yaar......

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManagerParserErrorException

2009-01-25T14:41:00.001-08:00

passA partial-page update is initiated by a client request (an asynchronous postback) to the server. The server processes the request and returns a response to the client.

If the browser does not receive a response in a specified time, the Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManagerTimeoutException is raised. To change the interval that elapses before asynchronous postbacks time out, set the AsyncPostBackTimeout property of the ScriptManager control.

If an error occurs on the server while the request is being processed, an error response is returned to the browser and the Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManagerServerErrorException exception is raised. To customize error handling and to display more information about the server error, handle the AsyncPostBackError event and use the AsyncPostBackErrorMessage and AllowCustomErrorsRedirect properties. For an example of how to provide custom error handling during partial-page updates, see Customizing Error Handling for UpdatePanel Controls.

If the response to an asynchronous postback returns without an error but there is an error processing the response in the client, the Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManagerParserErrorException is raised. For information about how to handle this error condition, see ASP.NET AJAX Debugging and Tracing Overview.

How to avoid this problem:

1. Calls to Response.Write():
Place an or similar control on your page and set its Text property. The added benefit is that your pages will be valid HTML. When using Response.Write() you typically end up with pages that contain invalid markup.

2. Response filters:
The fix might just be to not use the filter. They're not used very often anyway. If possible, filter things at the control level and not at the response level.

3. HttpModules:
Same as response filters.

4. Server trace is enabled:
Use some other form of tracing, such as writing to a log file, the Windows event log, or a custom mechanism.

5. Calls to Server.Transfer():
I'm not really sure why people use Server.Transfer() at all. Perhaps it's a legacy thing from Classic ASP. I'd suggest using Response.Redirect() with query string parameters or cross-page posting.

Another way to avoid the parse error is to do a regular postback instead of an asynchronous postback. For example, if you have a button that absolutely must do a Server.Transfer(), make it do regular postbacks. There are a number of ways of doing this:

1. The easiest is to simply place the button outside of any UpdatePanels. Unfortunately the layout of your page might not allow for this.
2. Add a PostBackTrigger to your UpdatePanel that points at the button. This works great if the button is declared statically through markup on the page.
3. Call ScriptManager.RegisterPostBackControl() and pass in the button in question. This is the best solution for controls that are added dynamically, such as those inside a repeating template.

Support: http://weblogs.asp.net/leftslipper/archive/2007/02/26/sys-webforms-pagerequestmanagerparsererrorexception-what-it-is-and-how-to-avoid-it.aspx#1820815

Hope it will resolve this problem. You can add your comments here.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Set Parameter in Crystal Reports using ASP.Net

2009-01-25T14:41:00.000-08:00

Some one send me a mail and ask for help regarding setting parameters in Crystal Reports using asp.net.

My advice is always to download the web samples at:

Visual Basic .NET Web Samples

C# .NET Web Sample Applications

Then, follow the Readme file to install the “Discrete Parameters” example. This has been my guide, and it works great.

Additional help and tutorials are in the CR SDK:

Crystal Reports .NET SDK – Additional Conceptual Documentation and Tutorials

This file contains additional conceptual information and tutorials for using Crystal Reports in Visual Studio .NET (including a developer reference). This documentation applies to Crystal Reports 9 & 10 and Crystal Reports for Visual Studio .NET 2002 & 2003. Sample applications built using these tutorials are available for download (cr_net_sdk_tutorial_samples_en.zip).

Crystal Reports .NET SDK – Sample Applications from Tutorials

This file contains C# and VB .NET Windows and web sample applications. These samples were built using the tutorials provided in the ‘Crystal Reports .NET SDK – Additional Documentation and Tutorials’ (cr_net_sdk_additional_en.zip). These sample applications applies to: Crystal Reports 9 & 10 and Crystal Reports for Visual Studio .NET 2002 & 2003.

If you're new to Crystal Reports .NET, get this book:

Crystal Reports .NET Programming

It is both an introduction to Crystal Reports .NET, as well as a object model programming guide/reference. Examples are in both VB.NET and C#.

A number of methods out there use the CrystalReportViewer control to set parameters. That's great unless you need to export your report to PDF (or XLS or RTF). This is a code snippet I use, it comes from Business Objects tech support:

================================================

rptCount = New ReportDocument
rptCount.Load(Server.MapPath("reportname.rpt"))
''Get the collection of parameters from the report
crParameterFieldDefinitions = rptCount.DataDefinition.ParameterFields
''Access the specified parameter from the collection
crParameter1 = crParameterFieldDefinitions.Item("Param1")
crParameter2 = crParameterFieldDefinitions.Item(“Param2")

''Get the current values from the parameter field. At this point
''there are zero values set.
crParameter1Values = crParameter1.CurrentValues
crParameter2Values = crParameter2.CurrentValues

''Set the current values for the parameter field
crDiscrete1Value = New ParameterDiscreteValue
crDiscrete1Value.Value = Request.Form(“param1value“)

crDiscrete2Value = New ParameterDiscreteValue
crDiscrete2Value.Value = Request.Form(“param2value“)

''Add the first current value for the parameter field
crParameter1Values.Add(crDiscrete1Value)
crParameter2Values.Add(crDiscrete2Value)

''All current parameter values must be applied for the parameter field.
crParameter1.ApplyCurrentValues(crParameter1Values)
crParameter2.ApplyCurrentValues(crParameter2Values)

=========================================

Once you get used to working with parameters, you can “automagically” display them on your web pages. This series of articles shows you how to get a list of parameters from your report file, and display them on your web form, where you can prompt for inputs:

Automagically displaying a Crystal Reports Parameters - Part I
Automagically displaying a Crystal Reports Parameters - Part II

Support: http://aspadvice.com/blogs/rjdudley/archive/2005/02/21/2554.aspx

You can add comments regarding this article.

Thanks & Regards,
Vijay Modi

Convert MySql Database Script to MsSql

2009-01-20T14:41:00.000-08:00

Yesterday I need to export data from MySql database to MSSql database. I tried, but I could not solve it. I try today once more and I got solution and its solved. Please download the demo version from the following link and test it. Its working fine. Really very good. Its automatically convert mysql database to mssql database.
http://www.convert-in.com/sql2mss.htm

Kindly add your comments and suggestions.

Regards
Vijay Modi

MS Sql Server: Stored procedures vs. functions

2009-01-14T14:41:00.000-08:00

In many instances you can accomplish the same task using either a stored procedure or a function. Both functions and stored procedures can be custom defined and part of any application. Functions, on the other hand, are designed to send their output to a query or T-SQL statement. For example, User Defined Functions (UDFs) can run an executable file from SQL SELECT or an action query, while Stored Procedures (SPROC) use EXECUTE or EXEC to run. Both are instantiated using CREATE FUNCTION. UDFs are instantiated using CREATE FUNCTION and SPROC instantiated by using CREATE PROCEDURE.

To decide between using one of the two, keep in mind the fundamental difference between them: stored procedures are designed to return its output to the application. A UDF returns table variables, while a SPROC can't return a table variable although it can create a table. Another significant difference between them is that UDFs can't change the server environment or your operating system environment, while a SPROC can. Operationally, when T-SQL encounters an error the function stops, while T-SQL will ignore an error in a SPROC and proceed to the next statement in your code (provided you've included error handling support). You'll also find that although a SPROC can be used in an XML FOR clause, a UDF cannot be.

If you have an operation such as a query with a FROM clause that requires a rowset be drawn from a table or set of tables, then a function will be your appropriate choice. However, when you want to use that same rowset in your application the better choice would be a stored procedure.

There's quite a bit of debate about the performance benefits of UDFs vs. SPROCs. You might be tempted to believe that stored procedures add more overhead to your server than a UDF. Depending upon how your write your code and the type of data you're processing, this might not be the case. It's always a good idea to text your data in important or time-consuming operations by trying both types of methods on them.

Reference: http://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/tip/1,289483,sid87_gci1063700,00.html

ASP.Net: The request failed with HTTP status 503: Service Unavailable.

2009-01-09T14:49:00.000-08:00

Hi Friends,

I faced this problem in my asp.net project with web service. This problem will occur when you are working with web services using ASP.Net. You need to check you app.config file and check the your web service path provided in this app.config file. Just change this path with your existing web service path. You can view your web service path just by right clicking on the web service project and by clicking "View In Browser" option. Just copy path and replace it with the existing wrong path.

You can insert your comments and suggestions.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

'System.Web.UI.Compatibility.CompareValidator' Could not Load Type

2009-01-06T14:49:00.000-08:00

Hi Friends,

I found this problem during my first use of ASP.Net AJaX toolkit. To resolve this problem you have to add the validation.dll file in your bin folder and just commnet your tagMapping block exist in the Web.Config file and add the following:

Hope it will resolve your problem.
Regards
VBM

Method Not Allowed / The requested method POST is not allowed for the URL

2009-01-05T14:49:00.000-08:00

Really a very interesting and common problem I found today. The solution is more interesting than the Problem.

This error can occur in several situations. The following list includes some of the most common reasons developers encounter this issue:

The action attribute of a form does not point to an executable script or there is no file specified for the action (in which case, the action field in the Property inspector is blank).
The form's action attribute points to an HTML file.
A developer saves web pages with an HTM or HTML file extension instead of ASP, PHP, CFM or JSP file extensions, and specifies HTM or HTML as the default file extension in the site definition.
Things to look for when receiving this error:

Specify an action attribute in the form's Property inspector
The action field cannot be left blank and must specify an executable file. Common valid file types for the form action attribute include ASP, JSP, CFM, PHP, EXE, DLL or CGI. If you use one of Dreamweaver's application objects—such as an Insert Record or Update Record—you may instead see a variable similar to <%=MM_editAction%>.
Check file extension of the web page producing the error
The page must have a file extension of ASP, PHP, ASPX, CFM or JSP. If the page has an extension of HTM or HTML, it will need to be renamed with the default extension for the server model specified in the site definition.
Check that the correct page type is specified in the site definition
Check the server model field in the Testing Server category of the site definition. The server model should match the correct language.
Another solution:

PHP: This is almost always due to Apache not being configured to treat the file you are trying to POST to as a CGI script. You can not POST to a normal HTML file; the operation has no meaning.

Please visit to find the solution: http://www.somacon.com/p126.php

One most important thing is that "your web server must support the php, asp or cgi whatever scripting language you are using". Please check is your web server support the scripting language you are using in your web site else it can generate this error. This is one of the major issue found in various problem. So plz check your web server.

If you feel this blog gives you a proper solution, please post your comments.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Ms Sql Vs My Sql

2009-01-04T14:49:00.000-08:00

DBMS Comparisons: MySQL 5.0 vs. Microsoft SQL Server 2005

Database engines are a crucial fixture for businesses today. There is no shortage of both commercial and open source database engines to choose from. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 is Microsoft’s next-generation data management solution that claims to deliver secure and scalable applications while making them easy to deploy and manage. MySQL has long been the DBMS of choice in the open source community. The recent release of MySQL 5.0 has seen major changes in both features and performance to bring the database system into enterprise-level standards.
This paper aims to give the low-down on features most desirable to database developers and compare both database management systems in light of these features.

Topics in this Paper:FeaturesThe Open Source vs. Commercial Database ParadigmPerformance ReplicationSecurity

Recovery

Features

The most obvious difference between the two products is in philosophy. SQL server is essentially a proprietary storage engine. Once you purchase the product, you are only limited to the Sybase-derived engine. By contrast, MySQL is an open storage engine offering multiple choices: InnoDb, BerkleyDB, MyISAM and Heap amongst other supported engines.

The second marked difference between the two database systems is in the technical features and specifications implemented. SQL Server is a fully-fledged database system developed specifically for large enterprise databases. All advanced features of a relational database are fully implemented. MySQL, on the other hand, has only come out of edge in the “relational” front, with recent support for foreign keys.

The latest release of MySQL, the 5.X offering, has rounded up on features that lagged commercial equivalents such as SQL Server. There is now full support for cursors, complete views and stored procedures according to the SQL 2003 syntax. Other features that were a major differentiator between MySQL and SQL Server are now part of the 5.X release. Triggers, stored procedures and foreign keys are fully implemented.

But is MySQL 5.0 really up to industry-level database standards? The features outlined above have only been implemented in the latest release and are yet to fully stabilise. They are yet to be rationalised across the different databases in the MySQL suite of products – InnoDB, MyISAM, MaxDB and the new data clusters. MySQL is still carrying four distinct database architectures and it proves very challenging to fully implement replication, parallel processing, journaling and recovery across different databases.

SQL Server continues to have the edge, as the advanced features list has long stabilised. The latest release of SQL Server 2005 provides the necessary technological underpinnings to keep it in the higher-end of database systems. There is now a far greater integration with Microsoft’s .NET Framework, a development environment that greatly facilitates coding without the need to learn advanced features of SQL. It is also tightly integrated with Visual Studio .NET. This will provide better support for XML, querying multi-dimensional data in the SQL server and a set of advanced reporting controls. Finally, XML is now a native data type within XML. This enables a DBA to modify an XML document within the DBMS environment, query the document and validate it against an XML schema.

The Open Source versus Commercial License Paradigm

Another difference between the two database engines is licensing costs. Both databases have a two-tiered licensing scheme, but have little else in common.

The first licensing scheme is essentially free. SQL Server provides a free license for "development use only". What this means is that the database system cannot be deployed in a commercial environment. MySQL, on the other hand, is free to use under any environment, provided one abides by GPL license rules.

This brings us to the second-tier of licensing. For use in a commercial environment, one would need to purchase the SQL Standard Edition license. It costs a whopping $1,400, a substantial investment for a small business. However, it is a fully-fledged relational database system complete with all features needed to develop and deploy enterprise databases. This goes a long way towards justifying the hefty price tag.

MySQL also provides licensing schemes to circumvent some of the restrictions of the GPL license. This is especially important for companies that deal with proprietary information. These commercial licenses are piloted by MySQL AB, the company behind the development of MySQL, and cost a very affordable $400. Non-profit organisations and educational establishments are exempt from this fee.

Performance

In terms of performance, MySQL fairs better than SQL on a variety of platforms thanks to the default table format of its MyISAM database. They are compact on disk and use less memory and CPU cycles. While the database system performs well on Windows, it is better suited for UNIX and UNIX-like systems. The performance can further be tuned on 64-bit processors (such as SPARC stations) because of the internal use of 64 integers in the database. The latest release of MySQL 5.0 has seen further improvements in engine performance, through compact mode support. Engines such as InnoDB and NDB Cluster uses 20% less space than it required in previous versions.

For additional non-default MySQL features, there is an increased demand on resource usage and this has obviously an effect on performance. For instance, alternative table formats on MyISAM or transactions on Berkeley DB will require additional memory usage. These features will, however, offer additional functionality.

For SQL Server, the full-set of powerful features that surpasses that of most competitors has a negative effect on performance. It's true that many of these features are geared towards performance tuning, but overall the system is more complex, places additional requirements on memory and disk storage. This results in a poorer performance compared with MySQL. The performance will benefit greatly with RAID and a dedicated hard drive for the data store.

Replication

Both Database systems are scalable and support replication to a different degree of complexity.

Replication on MYSQL is easy because all SQL statements that change data are kept in a binary log. Because of the binary nature of the records, data can be replicated easily and quickly to one or more slave machines. This also means that data remains intact and replication takes place even when the server goes down. On the scalability front, MYSQL scales easily into large, query-heavy databases.

Unlike MySQL one-way replication, SQL Server offers replication in a number of models: snapshot, transactional and merge. A snapshot application is a simple snapshot of the entire replicated database. It is a time consuming process but can be useful for databases that rarely change or as a way to establish a baseline for replication between systems. A transactional replication is a more flexible solution for databases that regularly change. The database is monitored for any changes by a replication agent monitor. When changes do take place, they are transmitted to the subscribers. Finally, merge replication allows simultaneous changes to the database by both the publisher and subscribers. Changes can be made without an active network connection, and any conflicting changes are resolved through a predefined conflict resolution algorithm.

However, increased replication support comes at the expense of a greater degree of complexity. This is due to SQL's complex transaction and record locking mechanism, cursor manipulation and synchronisation of dynamic data replication. If you’re skilled in these elaborate mechanisms, then replication and migration shouldn’t be an issue.

Security

Security remains a major concern for most businesses and a compelling consideration in choosing a database system.

Both DBMS support security at the base level. MySQL is limited to supporting basic security at the table level, via the SQL command. By contrast, SQL server fully supports security at the column level.

Another important consideration is security certificates - the verification of the database security by a third party. SQL Server has been certified as C-2 compliant, which means the database system has adequate security for government applications. MySQL has no such certification.

Moving on to more advanced features of protecting data on the database, the SQL Server 2005 have implemented more advanced authentication and authorisation features. The database supports native encryption capabilities, obfuscating the DBA from writing user-defined functions using column encryption APIs. The encryption mechanism is based on a combination of third-party certificates, symmetric keys and asymmetric keys. You can specify asymmetric keys for increased security or symmetric keys for better performance. A DBA has also the choice of specifying his own user-defined security functions through the encryption facility implemented in the .NET Framework.

Recovery

SQL Server is more failsafe and less prone to data corruption. SQL has a robust checkpoint mechanism whereby the data passes from the keyboard to the hard drive before showing in the monitor. Even if the databases shut down unexpectedly without warning, the data can be recovered.

New features in the SQL 2005 release provide enhanced mechanisms to manage data protection and rapid restoration. Mirrored backups allow you to create multiple copies of the backup file. These backups have identical content, so you can always mix the files in case one of the sets becomes corrupt.

Copy only backups enable you to make a copy of the database without interrupting the sequence of other backup files. This copy can be used to restore your database, instead of going through the full backup and translation log. You can also save time by using partial backups for all filegroups, except those marked as read-only.

MySQL falls short in recovery with its default MyISAM mechanism. The UPS assumes uninterrupted data, and in the event of an unexpected shutdown your data can be lost and the data store corrupted.

Concluding Thoughts

From a database developer’s perspective, choosing between a MySQL and SQL Server DBMS is a matter of the scale of the database application. For enterprise-level applications, SQL Server wins hands down. It has advanced set of SQL features, superior replication, clustering, security and management tools.

For lower-tier database applications, MySQL can offer the core functionality you require at a very low cost. Some might argue that the latest offering from MySQL has made the open source database system enterprise “worthy”, but this remains to be seen. The advanced functionalities implemented are yet to stabilise and be rationalised across the database engine. What's more, Microsoft has upped the ante with even more advanced features of its own. It’s up to MySQL to rise up to the challenge, but at this point in time MySQL is nowhere near the competitive enterprise field of the more established SQL Server 2005.

Please visit: http://www.tometasoftware.com/MySQL-5-vs-Microsoft-SQL-Server-2005.asp

You can add you comments and suggestions for this article.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

Synchronous AND Asynchronous

2009-01-03T14:55:00.000-08:00

•> Asynchronous
– examples
• Google Maps – http://maps.google.com
– asynchronously loads graphic tiles to support map scrolling
• Google Suggest – http://www.google.com/suggest
– asynchronously updates list of possible topic matches
based on what has been typed so far
•> Synchronous
– even when there is nothing useful for the user to do after a request is submitted to a server, AJaX can be used to retrieve data and update selected parts of the page
without refreshing the entire page.
• better user experience

php configuration, apache, mysql, phpMyAdmin installation / setup through Wamp server:

2009-01-02T14:55:00.000-08:00

Do you facing problem during installation of php & Mysql. You can install it very very easy. Let me go in detail...

I am using WAMP server for more then one year. I think its really very good for configuring the php, MySql and apache. Its ready tool for installing Php, MySql and Apache on your windows operating system. Its install all above very easily. You can configure PhpMyAdmin too by using this tool. Really very important too for easily configuring the php with apache server.

Link : www.wampserver.com

Regards...
Vijay Modi

SQL Server Index Tuning / Clustered vs Non-Clustered Indexes

2009-01-01T14:55:00.000-08:00

Hello Friends,

What is cluster and Non-Cluster index and why we need it? Do you know? Just reat this article you will know all about it.

Most database administrators are familiar with the potential performance benefits they can gain through the judicious use of indexes on database tables. Indexes allow you to speed query performance on commonly used columns and improve the overall processing speed of your database.
Microsoft SQL Server supports two types of indexes:

-> Clustered indexes define the physical sorting of a database table’s rows in the storage media. For this reason, each database table may have only one clustered index. If a PRIMARY KEY constraint is created for a database table and no clustered index currently exists for that table, SQL Server automatically creates a clustered index on the primary key.
-> Non-clustered indexes are created outside of the database table and contain a sorted list of references to the table itself.
SQL Server 2000 supports a maximum of 249 non-clustered indexes per table. However, it’s important to keep in mind that non-clustered indexes slow down the data modification and insertion process, so indexes should be kept to a minimum

One of the hardest tasks facing database administrators is the selection of appropriate columns for non-clustered indexes. You should consider creating non-clustered indexes on any columns that are frequently referenced in the WHERE clauses of SQL statements. Other good candidates are columns referenced by JOIN and GROUP BY operations.
You may wish to also consider creating non-clustered indexes that cover all of the columns used by certain frequently issued queries. These queries are referred to as “covered queries” and experience excellent performance gains.
SQL Server provides a wonderful facility known as the Index Tuning Wizard which greatly enhances the index selection process. To use this tool, first use SQL Profiler to capture a trace of the activity for which you wish to optimize performance. You may wish to run the trace for an extended period of time to capture a wide range of activity. Then, using Enterprise Manager, start the Index Tuning Wizard and instruct it to recommend indexes based upon the captured trace. It will not only suggest appropriate columns for queries but also provide you with an estimate of the performance increase you’ll experience after making those changes!

Reference Link: http://databases.about.com/od/sqlserver/a/indextuning.htm

Regards
Vijay Modi:)

PHP Interview Questions And Answers

2008-05-10T13:13:00.000-07:00

What's PHP ?

The PHP Hypertext Preprocessor is a programming language that allows web developers to create dynamic content that interacts with databases. PHP is basically used for developing web based software applications.What Is a Session?

A session is a logical object created by the PHP engine to allow you to preserve data across subsequent HTTP requests.There is only one session object available to your PHP scripts at any time. Data saved to the session by a script can be retrieved by the same script or another script when requested from the same visitor.Sessions are commonly used to store temporary data to allow multiple PHP pages to offer a complete functional transaction for the same visitor.What is meant by PEAR in php?

Answer1:

PEAR is the next revolution in PHP. This repository is bringing higher level programming to PHP. PEAR is a framework and distribution system for reusable PHP components. It eases installation by bringing an automated wizard, and packing the strength and experience of PHP users into a nicely organised OOP library. PEAR also provides a command-line interface that can be used to automatically install "packages"

Answer2:

PEAR is short for "PHP Extension and Application Repository" and is pronounced just like the fruit. The purpose of PEAR is to provide:

A structured library of open-sourced code for PHP users

A system for code distribution and package maintenance

A standard style for code written in PHP

The PHP Foundation Classes (PFC),

The PHP Extension Community Library (PECL),

A web site, mailing lists and download mirrors to support the PHP/PEAR community

PEAR is a community-driven project with the PEAR Group as the governing body. The project has been founded by Stig S. Bakken in 1999 and quite a lot of people have joined the project since then.How can we know the number of days between two given dates using PHP?

Simple arithmetic:

$date1 = date('Y-m-d');

$date2 = '2006-07-01';

$days = (strtotime() - strtotime()) / (60 * 60 * 24);

echo "Number of days since '2006-07-01': $days";How can we repair a MySQL table? The syntex for repairing a mysql table is:

REPAIR TABLE tablename

REPAIR TABLE tablename QUICK

REPAIR TABLE tablename EXTENDED

This command will repair the table specified.

If QUICK is given, MySQL will do a repair of only the index tree.

If EXTENDED is given, it will create index row by row.What is the difference between $message and $$message?

Anwser 1:

$message is a simple variable whereas $$message is a reference variable. Example:

$user = 'bob'

is equivalent to

$holder = 'user';

$$holder = 'bob';Anwser 2:

They are both variables. But $message is a variable with a fixed name. $$message is a variable who's name is stored in $message. For example, if $message contains "var", $$message is the same as $var.What Is a Persistent Cookie?

A persistent cookie is a cookie which is stored in a cookie file permanently on the browser's computer. By default, cookies are created as temporary cookies which stored only in the browser's memory. When the browser is closed, temporary cookies will be erased. You should decide when to use temporary cookies and when to use persistent cookies based on their differences:

*Temporary cookies can not be used for tracking long-term information.

*Persistent cookies can be used for tracking long-term information.

*Temporary cookies are safer because no programs other than the browser can access them.

*Persistent cookies are less secure because users can open cookie files see the cookie values.What does a special set of tags <?= and ?> do in PHP?

The output is displayed directly to the browser.How do you define a constant?

Via define() directive, like define ("MYCONSTANT", 100);What are the differences between require and include, include_once?

Anwser 1:

require_once() and include_once() are both the functions to include and evaluate the specified file only once. If the specified file is included previous to the present call occurrence, it will not be done again.But require() and include() will do it as many times they are asked to do.

Anwser 2:

The include_once() statement includes and evaluates the specified file during the execution of the script. This is a behavior similar to the include() statement, with the only difference being that if the code from a file has already been included, it will not be included again. The major difference between include() and require() is that in failure include() produces a warning message whereas require() produces a fatal errors.

Anwser 3:

All three are used to an include file into the current page.

If the file is not present, require(), calls a fatal error, while in include() does not.

The include_once() statement includes and evaluates the specified file during the execution of the script. This is a behavior similar to the include() statement, with the only difference being that if the code from a file has already been included, it will not be included again. It des not call a fatal error if file not exists. require_once() does the same as include_once(), but it calls a fatal error if file not exists.

Anwser 4:

File will not be included more than once. If we want to include a file once only and further calling of the file will be ignored then we have to use the PHP function include_once(). This will prevent problems with function redefinitions, variable value reassignments, etc.What is meant by urlencode and urldecode?

Anwser 1:

urlencode() returns the URL encoded version of the given string. URL coding converts special characters into % signs followed by two hex digits. For example: urlencode("10.00%") will return "10%2E00%25". URL encoded strings are safe to be used as part of URLs.

urldecode() returns the URL decoded version of the given string.Anwser 2:

string urlencode(str) - Returns the URL encoded version of the input string. String values to be used in URL query string need to be URL encoded. In the URL encoded version:

Alphanumeric characters are maintained as is.

Space characters are converted to "+" characters.

Other non-alphanumeric characters are converted "%" followed by two hex digits representing the converted character.

string urldecode(str) - Returns the original string of the input URL encoded string.For example:

$discount ="10.00%";

$url = "http://domain.com/submit.php?disc=".urlencode($discount);

echo $url;You will get "http://domain.com/submit.php?disc=10%2E00%25".How To Get the Uploaded File Information in the Receiving Script?

Once the Web server received the uploaded file, it will call the PHP script specified in the form action attribute to process them. This receiving PHP script can get the uploaded file information through the predefined array called $_FILES. Uploaded file information is organized in $_FILES as a two-dimensional array as:

$_FILES[$fieldName]['name'] - The Original file name on the browser system.

$_FILES[$fieldName]['type'] - The file type determined by the browser.

$_FILES[$fieldName]['size'] - The Number of bytes of the file content.

$_FILES[$fieldName]['tmp_name'] - The temporary filename of the file in which the uploaded file was stored on the server.

$_FILES[$fieldName]['error'] - The error code associated with this file upload.

The $fieldName is the name used in the <INPUT TYPE=FILE, NAME=fieldName>.What is the difference between mysql_fetch_object and mysql_fetch_array?

MySQL fetch object will collect first single matching record where mysql_fetch_array will collect all matching records from the table in an arrayHow can I execute a PHP script using command line?

Just run the PHP CLI (Command Line Interface) program and provide the PHP script file name as the command line argument. For example, "php myScript.php", assuming "php" is the command to invoke the CLI program.

Be aware that if your PHP script was written for the Web CGI interface, it may not execute properly in command line environment.I am trying to assign a variable the value of 0123, but it keeps coming up with a different number, what’s the problem?

PHP Interpreter treats numbers beginning with 0 as octal. Look at the similar PHP interview questions for more numeric problems.Would I use print "$a dollars" or "{$a} dollars" to print out the amount of dollars in this example?

In this example it wouldn’t matter, since the variable is all by itself, but if you were to print something like "{$a},000,000 mln dollars", then you definitely need to use the braces.What are the different tables present in MySQL? Which type of table is generated when we are creating a table in the following syntax: create table employee(eno int(2),ename varchar(10))?

Total 5 types of tables we can create

1. MyISAM2. Heap

3. Merge

4. INNO DB

5. ISAM

MyISAM is the default storage engine as of MySQL 3.23. When you fire the above create query MySQL will create a MyISAM table.How To Create a Table?

If you want to create a table, you can run the CREATE TABLE statement as shown in the following sample script:

<?php

include "mysql_connection.php";

$sql = "CREATE TABLE Tech_links ("

. " id INTEGER NOT NULL"

. ", url VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL"

. ", notes VARCHAR(1024)"

. ", counts INTEGER"

. ", time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT sysdate()"

. ")";

if (mysql_query($sql, $con)) {

print("Table Tech_links created.\n");

} else {

print("Table creation failed.\n");

}

mysql_close($con);

?>

Remember that mysql_query() returns TRUE/FALSE on CREATE statements. If you run this script, you will get something like this:

Table Tech_links created.How can we encrypt the username and password using PHP?

Answer1

You can encrypt a password with the following Mysql>SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD("Password");

Answer2

You can use the MySQL PASSWORD() function to encrypt username and password. For example,

INSERT into user (password, ...) VALUES (PASSWORD($password”)), ...);How do you pass a variable by value?

Just like in C++, put an ampersand in front of it, like $a = &$bWhat is the functionality of the functions STRSTR() and STRISTR()?

string strstr ( string haystack, string needle ) returns part of haystack string from the first occurrence of needle to the end of haystack. This function is case-sensitive.

stristr() is idential to strstr() except that it is case insensitive.When are you supposed to use endif to end the conditional statement?

When the original if was followed by : and then the code block without braces.How can we send mail using JavaScript?

No. There is no way to send emails directly using JavaScript.

But you can use JavaScript to execute a client side email program send the email using the "mailto" code. Here is an example:

function myfunction(form)

{

tdata=document.myform.tbox1.value;

location="mailto:mailid@domain.com?subject=...";

return true;

}What is the functionality of the function strstr and stristr?

strstr() returns part of a given string from the first occurrence of a given substring to the end of the string. For example: strstr("user@example.com","@") will return "@example.com".

stristr() is idential to strstr() except that it is case insensitive.What is the difference between ereg_replace() and eregi_replace()?

eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace() except that it ignores case distinction when matching alphabetic characters.How do I find out the number of parameters passed into function9. ?

func_num_args() function returns the number of parameters passed in.What is the purpose of the following files having extensions: frm, myd, and myi? What these files contain?

In MySQL, the default table type is MyISAM.

Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. The files have names that begin with the table name and have an extension to indicate the file type.

The '.frm' file stores the table definition.

The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.

The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension,If the variable $a is equal to 5 and variable $b is equal to character a, what’s the value of $$b?

100, it’s a reference to existing variable.How To Protect Special Characters in Query String?

If you want to include special characters like spaces in the query string, you need to protect them by applying the urlencode() translation function. The script below shows how to use urlencode():

<?php

print("<html>");

print("<p>Please click the links below"

." to submit comments about TECHPreparation.com:</p>");

$comment = 'I want to say: "It\'s a good site! :->"';

$comment = urlencode($comment);

print("<p>"

."<a href=\"processing_forms.php?name=Guest&comment=$comment\">"

."It's an excellent site!</a></p>");

$comment = 'This visitor said: "It\'s an average site! :-("';

$comment = urlencode($comment);

print("<p>"

.'<a href="processing_forms.php?'.$comment.'">'

."It's an average site.</a></p>");

print("</html>");

?>Are objects passed by value or by reference?

Everything is passed by value.What are the differences between DROP a table and TRUNCATE a table?

DROP TABLE table_name - This will delete the table and its data.

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name - This will delete the data of the table, but not the table definition.How do you call a constructor for a parent class?

parent::constructor($value)WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ERRORS IN PHP?

Here are three basic types of runtime errors in PHP:

1. Notices: These are trivial, non-critical errors that PHP encounters while executing a script - for example, accessing a variable that has not yet been defined. By default, such errors are not displayed to the user at all - although you can change this default behavior.

2. Warnings: These are more serious errors - for example, attempting to include() a file which does not exist. By default, these errors are displayed to the user, but they do not result in script termination.

3. Fatal errors: These are critical errors - for example, instantiating an object of a non-existent class, or calling a non-existent function. These errors cause the immediate termination of the script, and PHP's default behavior is to display them to the user when they take place.

Internally, these variations are represented by twelve different error typesWhat’s the special meaning of __sleep and __wakeup?

__sleep returns the array of all the variables than need to be saved, while __wakeup retrieves them.How can we submit a form without a submit button?

If you don't want to use the Submit button to submit a form, you can use normal hyper links to submit a form. But you need to use some JavaScript code in the URL of the link. For example:

<a href="javascript: document.myform.submit();">Submit Me</a> Why doesn’t the following code print the newline properly? <?php $str = ‘Hello, there.\nHow are you?\nThanks for visiting techpreparation’; print $str; ?>

Because inside the single quotes the \n character is not interpreted as newline, just as a sequence of two characters - \ and n.Would you initialize your strings with single quotes or double quotes?

Since the data inside the single-quoted string is not parsed for variable substitution, it’s always a better idea speed-wise to initialize a string with single quotes, unless you specifically need variable substitution.How can we extract string 'abc.com ' from a string http://info@abc.com using regular expression of php?

We can use the preg_match() function with "/.*@(.*)$/" as

the regular expression pattern. For example:

preg_match("/.*@(.*)$/","http://info@abc.com",$data);

echo $data[1];What are the differences between GET and POST methods in form submitting, give the case where we can use GET and we can use POST methods?

Anwser 1:

When we submit a form, which has the GET method it displays pair of name/value used in the form at the address bar of the browser preceded by url. Post method doesn't display these values.

Anwser 2:

When you want to send short or small data, not containing ASCII characters, then you can use GET” Method. But for long data sending, say more then 100 character you can use POST method.

Once most important difference is when you are sending the form with GET method. You can see the output which you are sending in the address bar. Whereas if you send the form with POST” method then user can not see that information.

Anwser 3:

What are "GET" and "POST"?

GET and POST are methods used to send data to the server: With the GET method, the browser appends the data onto the URL. With the Post method, the data is sent as "standard input."

Major Difference

In simple words, in POST method data is sent by standard input (nothing shown in URL when posting while in GET method data is sent through query string.

Ex: Assume we are logging in with username and password.

GET: we are submitting a form to login.php, when we do submit or similar action, values are sent through visible query string (notice ./login.php?username=...&password=... as URL when executing the script login.php) and is retrieved by login.php by $_GET['username'] and $_GET['password'].

POST: we are submitting a form to login.php, when we do submit or similar action, values are sent through invisible standard input (notice ./login.php) and is retrieved by login.php by $_POST['username'] and $_POST['password'].

POST is assumed more secure and we can send lot more data than that of GET method is limited (they say Internet Explorer can take care of maximum 2083 character as a query string).

Anwser 4:

In the get method the data made available to the action page ( where data is received ) by the URL so data can be seen in the address bar. Not advisable if you are sending login info like password etc. In the post method the data will be available as data blocks and not as query string in case of get method.

Anwser 5:

When we submit a form, which has the GET method it pass value in the form of query string (set of name/value pair) and display along with URL. With GET we can a small data submit from the form (a set of 255 character) whereas Post method doesn't display value with URL. It passes value in the form of Object and we can submit large data from the form.

Anwser 6:

On the server side, the main difference between GET and POST is where the submitted is stored. The $_GET array stores data submitted by the GET method. The $_POST array stores data submitted by the POST method.

On the browser side, the difference is that data submitted by the GET method will be displayed in the browser’s address field. Data submitted by the POST method will not be displayed anywhere on the browser.

GET method is mostly used for submitting a small amount and less sensitive data. POST method is mostly used for submitting a large amount or sensitive data.What is the difference between the functions unlink and unset?

unlink() is a function for file system handling. It will simply delete the file in context.

unset() is a function for variable management. It will make a variable undefined.How come the code works, but doesn’t for two-dimensional array of mine?

Any time you have an array with more than one dimension, complex parsing syntax is required. print "Contents: {$arr[1][2]}" would’ve worked.How can we register the variables into a session?

session_register($session_var);

$_SESSION['var'] = 'value';What is the difference between characters 23 and \x23?

The first one is octal 23, the second is hex 23.With a heredoc syntax, do I get variable substitution inside the heredoc contents?

Yes.How can we submit form without a submit button?

We can use a simple JavaScript code linked to an event trigger of any form field. In the JavaScript code, we can call the document.form.submit() function to submit the form. For example: <input type=button value="Save" onClick="document.form.submit()">How can we create a database using PHP and mysql?

We can create MySQL database with the use of mysql_create_db($databaseName) to create a database.How many ways we can retrieve the date in result set of mysql using php?

As individual objects so single record or as a set or arrays.Can we use include ("abc.php") two times in a php page "makeit.php"?

Yes.For printing out strings, there are echo, print and printf. Explain the differences.

echo is the most primitive of them, and just outputs the contents following the construct to the screen. print is also a construct (so parentheses are optional when calling it), but it returns TRUE on successful output and FALSE if it was unable to print out the string. However, you can pass multiple parameters to echo, like:

<?php echo 'Welcome ', 'to', ' ', 'techpreparations!'; ?>

and it will output the string "Welcome to techpreparations!" print does not take multiple parameters. It is also generally argued that echo is faster, but usually the speed advantage is negligible, and might not be there for future versions of PHP. printf is a function, not a construct, and allows such advantages as formatted output, but it’s the slowest way to print out data out of echo, print and printf.I am writing an application in PHP that outputs a printable version of driving directions. It contains some long sentences, and I am a neat freak, and would like to make sure that no line exceeds 50 characters. How do I accomplish that with PHP?

On large strings that need to be formatted according to some length specifications, use wordwrap() or chunk_split().What’s the output of the ucwords function in this example?

$formatted = ucwords("TECHPREPARATIONS IS COLLECTION OF INTERVIEW QUESTIONS");

print $formatted;

What will be printed is TECHPREPARATIONS IS COLLECTION OF INTERVIEW QUESTIONS.

ucwords() makes every first letter of every word capital, but it does not lower-case anything else. To avoid this, and get a properly formatted string, it’s worth using strtolower() first.What’s the difference between htmlentities() and htmlspecialchars()?

htmlspecialchars only takes care of <, >, single quote ‘, double quote " and ampersand. htmlentities translates all occurrences of character sequences that have different meaning in HTML.How can we extract string "abc.com" from a string "mailto:info@abc.com?subject=Feedback" using regular expression of PHP?

$text = "mailto:info@abc.com?subject=Feedback";

preg_match('|.*@([^?]*)|', $text, $output);

echo $output[1];

Note that the second index of $output, $output[1], gives the match, not the first one, $output[0].So if md5() generates the most secure hash, why would you ever use the less secure crc32() and sha1()?

Crypto usage in PHP is simple, but that doesn’t mean it’s free. First off, depending on the data that you’re encrypting, you might have reasons to store a 32-bit value in the database instead of the 160-bit value to save on space. Second, the more secure the crypto is, the longer is the computation time to deliver the hash value. A high volume site might be significantly slowed down, if frequent md5() generation is required. How can we destroy the session, how can we unset the variable of a session?

session_unregister() - Unregister a global variable from the current session

session_unset() - Free all session variablesWhat are the different functions in sorting an array?

Sorting functions in PHP:

asort()

arsort()

ksort()krsort()

uksort()

sort()

natsort()

rsort()How can we know the count/number of elements of an array?

2 ways:

a) sizeof($array) - This function is an alias of count()

b) count($urarray) - This function returns the number of elements in an array.

Interestingly if you just pass a simple var instead of an array, count() will return 1.How many ways we can pass the variable through the navigation between the pages?

At least 3 ways:

1. Put the variable into session in the first page, and get it back from session in the next page.

2. Put the variable into cookie in the first page, and get it back from the cookie in the next page.

3. Put the variable into a hidden form field, and get it back from the form in the next page.What is the maximum length of a table name, a database name, or a field name in MySQL?

Database name: 64 characters

Table name: 64 characters

Column name: 64 charactersHow many values can the SET function of MySQL take?

MySQL SET function can take zero or more values, but at the maximum it can take 64 values.What are the other commands to know the structure of a table using MySQL commands except EXPLAIN command?

DESCRIBE table_name;How can we find the number of rows in a table using MySQL?

Use this for MySQL

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;What’s the difference between md5(), crc32() and sha1() crypto on PHP?

The major difference is the length of the hash generated. CRC32 is, evidently, 32 bits, while sha1() returns a 128 bit value, and md5() returns a 160 bit value. This is important when avoiding collisions.How can we find the number of rows in a result set using PHP?

Here is how can you find the number of rows in a result set in PHP:

$result = mysql_query($any_valid_sql, $database_link);

$num_rows = mysql_num_rows($result);

echo "$num_rows rows found";How many ways we can we find the current date using MySQL?

SELECT CURDATE();

SELECT CURRENT_DATE();

SELECT CURTIME();

SELECT CURRENT_TIME();Give the syntax of GRANT commands?

The generic syntax for GRANT is as following

GRANT [rights] on [database] TO [username@hostname] IDENTIFIED BY [password]

Now rights can be:

a) ALL privilages

b) Combination of CREATE, DROP, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE etc.

We can grant rights on all databse by usingh *.* or some specific database by database.* or a specific table by database.table_name.Give the syntax of REVOKE commands?

The generic syntax for revoke is as following

REVOKE [rights] on [database] FROM [username@hostname]

Now rights can be:

a) ALL privileges

b) Combination of CREATE, DROP, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE etc.We can grant rights on all database by using *.* or some specific database by database.* or a specific table by database.table_name.What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR data types?

CHAR is a fixed length data type. CHAR(n) will take n characters of storage even if you enter less than n characters to that column. For example, "Hello!" will be stored as "Hello! " in CHAR(10) column.

VARCHAR is a variable length data type. VARCHAR(n) will take only the required storage for the actual number of characters entered to that column. For example, "Hello!" will be stored as "Hello!" in VARCHAR(10) column.How can we encrypt and decrypt a data present in a mysql table using mysql?

AES_ENCRYPT() and AES_DECRYPT()Will comparison of string "10" and integer 11 work in PHP?

Yes, internally PHP will cast everything to the integer type, so numbers 10 and 11 will be compared.What is the functionality of MD5 function in PHP?

string md5(string)

It calculates the MD5 hash of a string. The hash is a 32-character hexadecimal number.How can I load data from a text file into a table?

The MySQL provides a LOAD DATA INFILE command. You can load data from a file. Great tool but you need to make sure that:

a) Data must be delimited

b) Data fields must match table columns correctlyHow can we know the number of days between two given dates using MySQL?

Use DATEDIFF()

SELECT DATEDIFF(NOW(),'2006-07-01');How can we change the name of a column of a table?

This will change the name of column:

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_colm_name new_colm_nameHow can we change the data type of a column of a table?

This will change the data type of a column:

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE colm_name same_colm_name [new data type]What is the difference between GROUP BY and ORDER BY in SQL?

To sort a result, use an ORDER BY clause.

The most general way to satisfy a GROUP BY clause is to scan the whole table and create a new temporary table where all rows from each group are consecutive, and then use this temporary table to discover groups and apply aggregate functions (if any).

ORDER BY [col1],[col2],...[coln]; Tells DBMS according to what columns it should sort the result. If two rows will have the same value in col1 it will try to sort them according to col2 and so on.

GROUP BY [col1],[col2],...[coln]; Tells DBMS to group (aggregate) results with same value of column col1. You can use COUNT(col1), SUM(col1), AVG(col1) with it, if you want to count all items in group, sum all values or view average.What is meant by MIME?

Answer 1:

MIME is Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions is an Internet standard for the format of e-mail. However browsers also uses MIME standard to transmit files. MIME has a header which is added to a beginning of the data. When browser sees such header it shows the data as it would be a file (for example image)

Some examples of MIME types:

audio/x-ms-wmp

image/png

application/x-shockwave-flash

Answer 2:

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions.

WWW's ability to recognize and handle files of different types is largely dependent on the use of the MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) standard. The standard provides for a system of registration of file types with information about the applications needed to process them. This information is incorporated into Web server and browser software, and enables the automatic recognition and display of registered file types. …How can we know that a session is started or not?

A session starts by session_start() function.

This session_start() is always declared in header portion. it always declares first. then we write session_register().What are the differences between mysql_fetch_array(), mysql_fetch_object(), mysql_fetch_row()?

Answer 1:

mysql_fetch_array() -> Fetch a result row as a combination of associative array and regular array.mysql_fetch_object() -> Fetch a result row as an object.

mysql_fetch_row() -> Fetch a result set as a regular array().

Answer 2:

The difference between mysql_fetch_row() and mysql_fetch_array() is that the first returns the results in a numeric array ($row[0], $row[1], etc.), while the latter returns a the results an array containing both numeric and associative keys ($row['name'], $row['email'], etc.). mysql_fetch_object() returns an object ($row->name, $row->email, etc.).If we login more than one browser windows at the same time with same user and after that we close one window, then is the session is exist to other windows or not? And if yes then why? If no then why?

Session depends on browser. If browser is closed then session is lost. The session data will be deleted after session time out. If connection is lost and you recreate connection, then session will continue in the browser.What are the MySQL database files stored in system ?

Data is stored in name.myd

Table structure is stored in name.frm

Index is stored in name.myiWhat is the difference between PHP4 and PHP5?

PHP4 cannot support oops concepts and Zend engine 1 is used.

PHP5 supports oops concepts and Zend engine 2 is used.

Error supporting is increased in PHP5.

XML and SQLLite will is increased in PHP5.Can we use include(abc.PHP) two times in a PHP page makeit.PHP”?

Yes we can include that many times we want, but here are some things to make sure of:

(including abc.PHP, the file names are case-sensitive)

there shouldn't be any duplicate function names, means there should not be functions or classes or variables with the same name in abc.PHP and makeit.phpWhat are the differences between mysql_fetch_array(), mysql_fetch_object(), mysql_fetch_row()?

mysql_fetch_array - Fetch a result row as an associative array and a numeric array.

mysql_fetch_object - Returns an object with properties that correspond to the fetched row and moves the internal data pointer ahead. Returns an object with properties that correspond to the fetched row, or FALSE if there are no more rows

mysql_fetch_row() - Fetches one row of data from the result associated with the specified result identifier. The row is returned as an array. Each result column is stored in an array offset, starting at offset 0.What is meant by nl2br()?

Anwser1:

nl2br() inserts a HTML tag <br> before all new line characters \n in a string.

echo nl2br("god bless \n you");

output:

god bless<br>

youHow can we encrypt and decrypt a data presented in a table using MySQL?

You can use functions: AES_ENCRYPT() and AES_DECRYPT() like:

AES_ENCRYPT(str, key_str)

AES_DECRYPT(crypt_str, key_str)How can I retrieve values from one database server and store them in other database server using PHP?

For this purpose, you can first read the data from one server into session variables. Then connect to other server and simply insert the data into the database.Who is the father of PHP and what is the current version of PHP and MYSQL?

Rasmus Lerdorf.

PHP 5.1. Beta

MySQL 5.0In how many ways we can retrieve data in the result set of MYSQL using PHP?

mysql_fetch_array - Fetch a result row as an associative array, a numeric array, or both

mysql_fetch_assoc - Fetch a result row as an associative arraymysql_fetch_object - Fetch a result row as an object

mysql_fetch_row —- Get a result row as an enumerated arrayWhat are the functions for IMAP?

imap_body - Read the message body

imap_check - Check current mailbox

imap_delete - Mark a message for deletion from current mailbox

imap_mail - Send an email messageWhat are encryption functions in PHP?

CRYPT()

MD5()What is the difference between htmlentities() and htmlspecialchars()?

htmlspecialchars() - Convert some special characters to HTML entities (Only the most widely used)

htmlentities() - Convert ALL special characters to HTML entitiesWhat is the functionality of the function htmlentities?

htmlentities() - Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities

This function is identical to htmlspecialchars() in all ways, except with htmlentities(), all characters which have HTML character entity equivalents are translated into these entities.How can we get the properties (size, type, width, height) of an image using php image functions?

To know the image size use getimagesize() function

To know the image width use imagesx() function

To know the image height use imagesy() functionHow can we increase the execution time of a php script?

By the use of void set_time_limit(int seconds)

Set the number of seconds a script is allowed to run. If this is reached, the script returns a fatal error. The default limit is 30 seconds or, if it exists, the max_execution_time value defined in the php.ini. If seconds is set to zero, no time limit is imposed.

When called, set_time_limit() restarts the timeout counter from zero. In other words, if the timeout is the default 30 seconds, and 25 seconds into script execution a call such as set_time_limit(20) is made, the script will run for a total of 45 seconds before timing out.HOW CAN WE TAKE A BACKUP OF A MYSQL TABLE AND HOW CAN WE RESTORE IT?

Answer 1:

Create a full backup of your database: shell> mysqldump tab=/path/to/some/dir opt db_name

Or: shell> mysqlhotcopy db_name /path/to/some/dir

The full backup file is just a set of SQL statements, so restoring it is very easy:

shell> mysql "."Executed";

Answer 2:

To backup: BACKUP TABLE tbl_name TO /path/to/backup/directory

’ To restore: RESTORE TABLE tbl_name FROM /path/to/backup/directory

mysqldump: Dumping Table Structure and Data

Utility to dump a database or a collection of database for backup or for transferring the data to another SQL server (not necessarily a MySQL server). The dump will contain SQL statements to create the table and/or populate the table.

-t, no-create-info

Don't write table creation information (the CREATE TABLE statement).

-d, no-data

Don't write any row information for the table. This is very useful if you just want to get a dump of the structure for a table!How to set cookies?

setcookie('variable','value','time')

;

variable - name of the cookie variable

value - value of the cookie variable

time - expiry time

Example: setcookie('Test',$i,time()+3600);

Test - cookie variable name

$i - value of the variable 'Test'

time()+3600 - denotes that the cookie will expire after an one hourHow to reset/destroy a cookie ?

Reset a cookie by specifying expire time in the past:

Example: setcookie('Test',$i,time()-3600); // already expired time

Reset a cookie by specifying its name only

Example: setcookie('Test');What types of images that PHP supports ?

Using imagetypes() function to find out what types of images are supported in your PHP engine.imagetypes() - Returns the image types supported.

This function returns a bit-field corresponding to the image formats supported by the version of GD linked into PHP. The following bits are returned, IMG_GIF | IMG_JPG | IMG_PNG | IMG_WBMP | IMG_XPM.Check if a variable is an integer in JAVASCRIPT ?

var myValue =9.8;

if(parseInt(myValue)== myValue)

alert('Integer');

else

alert('Not an integer');Tools used for drawing ER diagrams.

Case Studio

Smart DrawHow can I know that a variable is a number or not using a JavaScript?

Answer 1:

bool is_numeric( mixed var)

Returns TRUE if var is a number or a numeric string, FALSE otherwise.

Answer 2:

Definition and Usage

The isNaN() function is used to check if a value is not a number.

Syntax

isNaN(number)

Parameter Description

number Required. The value to be testedHow can we submit from without a submit button?

Trigger the JavaScript code on any event ( like onSelect of drop down list box, onfocus, etc ) document.myform.submit(); This will submit the form.How many ways can we get the value of current session id?

session_id() returns the session id for the current session.How can we destroy the cookie?

Set the cookie with a past expiration time.What are the current versions of Apache, PHP, and MySQL?

PHP: PHP 5.2.5

MySQL: MySQL 5.1

Apache: Apache 2.1What are the reasons for selecting LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Php) instead of combination of other software programs, servers and operating systems?

All of those are open source resource. Security of Linux is very more than windows. Apache is a better server that IIS both in functionality and security. Mysql is world most popular open source database. Php is more faster that asp or any other scripting language.What are the features and advantages of OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING?

One of the main advantages of OO programming is its ease of modification; objects can easily be modified and added to a system there by reducing maintenance costs. OO programming is also considered to be better at modeling the real world than is procedural programming. It allows for more complicated and flexible interactions. OO systems are also easier for non-technical personnel to understand and easier for them to participate in the maintenance and enhancement of a system because it appeals to natural human cognition patterns. For some systems, an OO approach can speed development time since many objects are standard across systems and can be reused. Components that manage dates, shipping, shopping carts, etc. can be purchased and easily modified for a specific system. How can we get second of the current time using date function?

$second = date("s");What is the use of friend function?

Friend functions

Sometimes a function is best shared among a number of different classes. Such functions can be declared either as member functions of one class or as global functions. In either case they can be set to be friends of other classes, by using a friend specifier in the class that is admitting them. Such functions can use all attributes of the class which names them as a friend, as if they were themselves members of that class. A friend declaration is essentially a prototype for a member function, but instead of requiring an implementation with the name of that class attached by the double colon syntax, a global function or member function of another class provides the match.class mylinkage

{

private:

mylinkage * prev;

mylinkage * next;

protected:

friend void set_prev(mylinkage* L, mylinkage* N);

void set_next(mylinkage* L);

public:

mylinkage * succ();

mylinkage * pred();

mylinkage();

};

void mylinkage::set_next(mylinkage* L) { next = L; }

void set_prev(mylinkage * L, mylinkage * N ) { N->prev = L; }

Friends in other classes

It is possible to specify a member function of another class as a friend as follows:

class C

{

friend int B::f1();

};

class B

{

int f1();

};

It is also possible to specify all the functions in another class as friends, by specifying the entire class as a friend.

class A

{

friend class B;

};

Friend functions allow binary operators to be defined which combine private data in a pair of objects. This is particularly powerful when using the operator overloading features of C++. We will return to it when we look at overloading.How can we get second of the current time using date function?

$second = date("s");What is the maximum size of a file that can be uploaded using PHP and how can we change this?

You can change maximum size of a file set upload_max_filesize variable in php.ini fileHow can I make a script that can be bilingual (supports English, German)?

You can change char set variable in above line in the script to support bi language.What are the difference between abstract class and interface?

Abstract class: abstract classes are the class where one or more methods are abstract but not necessarily all method has to be abstract. Abstract methods are the methods, which are declare in its class but not define. The definition of those methods must be in its extending class.

Interface: Interfaces are one type of class where all the methods are abstract. That means all the methods only declared but not defined. All the methods must be define by its implemented class.What are the advantages of stored procedures, triggers, indexes?

A stored procedure is a set of SQL commands that can be compiled and stored in the server. Once this has been done, clients don't need to keep re-issuing the entire query but can refer to the stored procedure. This provides better overall performance because the query has to be parsed only once, and less information needs to be sent between the server and the client. You can also raise the conceptual level by having libraries of functions in the server. However, stored procedures of course do increase the load on the database server system, as more of the work is done on the server side and less on the client (application) side. Triggers will also be implemented. A trigger is effectively a type of stored procedure, one that is invoked when a particular event occurs. For example, you can install a stored procedure that is triggered each time a record is deleted from a transaction table and that stored procedure automatically deletes the corresponding customer from a customer table when all his transactions are deleted. Indexes are used to find rows with specific column values quickly. Without an index, MySQL must begin with the first row and then read through the entire table to find the relevant rows. The larger the table, the more this costs. If the table has an index for the columns in question, MySQL can quickly determine the position to seek to in the middle of the data file without having to look at all the data. If a table has 1,000 rows, this is at least 100 times faster than reading sequentially. If you need to access most of the rows, it is faster to read sequentially, because this minimizes disk seeks.What is maximum size of a database in mysql?

If the operating system or filesystem places a limit on the number of files in a directory, MySQL is bound by that constraint. The efficiency of the operating system in handling large numbers of files in a directory can place a practical limit on the number of tables in a database. If the time required to open a file in the directory increases significantly as the number of files increases, database performance can be adversely affected.

The amount of available disk space limits the number of tables.

MySQL 3.22 had a 4GB (4 gigabyte) limit on table size. With the MyISAM storage engine in MySQL 3.23, the maximum table size was increased to 65536 terabytes (2567 – 1 bytes). With this larger allowed table size, the maximum effective table size for MySQL databases is usually determined by operating system constraints on file sizes, not by MySQL internal limits.

The InnoDB storage engine maintains InnoDB tables within a tablespace that can be created from several files. This allows a table to exceed the maximum individual file size. The tablespace can include raw disk partitions, which allows extremely large tables. The maximum tablespace size is 64TB.

The following table lists some examples of operating system file-size limits. This is only a rough guide and is not intended to be definitive. For the most up-to-date information, be sure to check the documentation specific to your operating system.

Operating System File-size Limit

Linux 2.2-Intel 32-bit 2GB (LFS: 4GB)

Linux 2.4+ (using ext3 filesystem) 4TB

Solaris 9/10 16TB

NetWare w/NSS filesystem 8TB

Win32 w/ FAT/FAT32 2GB/4GB

Win32 w/ NTFS 2TB (possibly larger)

MacOS X w/ HFS+ 2TBExplain normalization concept?

The normalization process involves getting our data to conform to three progressive normal forms, and a higher level of normalization cannot be achieved until the previous levels have been achieved (there are actually five normal forms, but the last two are mainly academic and will not be discussed).

First Normal Form

The First Normal Form (or 1NF) involves removal of redundant data from horizontal rows. We want to ensure that there is no duplication of data in a given row, and that every column stores the least amount of information possible (making the field atomic).

Second Normal Form

Where the First Normal Form deals with redundancy of data across a horizontal row, Second Normal Form (or 2NF) deals with redundancy of data in vertical columns. As stated earlier, the normal forms are progressive, so to achieve Second Normal Form, your tables must already be in First Normal Form.

Third Normal Form

I have a confession to make; I do not often use Third Normal Form. In Third Normal Form we are looking for data in our tables that is not fully dependant on the primary key, but dependant on another value in the tableWhat’s the difference between accessing a class method via -> and via ::?

:: is allowed to access methods that can perform static operations, i.e. those, which do not require object initialization.What are the advantages and disadvantages of CASCADE STYLE SHEETS?

External Style Sheets

Advantages

Can control styles for multiple documents at once Classes can be created for use on multiple HTML element types in many documents Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex contexts

Disadvantages

An extra download is required to import style information for each document The rendering of the document may be delayed until the external style sheet is loaded Becomes slightly unwieldy for small quantities of style definitions

Embedded Style Sheets

Advantages

Classes can be created for use on multiple tag types in the document Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex contexts No additional downloads necessary to receive style information

Disadvantage

This method can not control styles for multiple documents at once

Inline Styles

Advantages

Useful for small quantities of style definitions Can override other style specification methods at the local level so only exceptions need to be listed in conjunction with other style methods

Disadvantages

Does not distance style information from content (a main goal of SGML/HTML) Can not control styles for multiple documents at once Author can not create or control classes of elements to control multiple element types within the document Selector grouping methods can not be used to create complex element addressing scenariosWhat type of inheritance that php supports?

In PHP an extended class is always dependent on a single base class, that is, multiple inheritance is not supported. Classes are extended using the keyword 'extends'.How can increase the performance of MySQL select query?

We can use LIMIT to stop MySql for further search in table after we have received our required no. of records, also we can use LEFT JOIN or RIGHT JOIN instead of full join in cases we have related data in two or more tables.How can we change the name of a column of a table?

MySQL query to rename table: RENAME TABLE tbl_name TO new_tbl_nameALTER TABLE tableName CHANGE OldName newName.When you want to show some part of a text displayed on an HTML page in red font color? What different possibilities are there to do this? What are the advantages/disadvantages of these methods?

There are 2 ways to show some part of a text in red:

1. Using HTML tag <font color="red">

2. Using HTML tag <span style="color: red">When viewing an HTML page in a Browser, the Browser often keeps this page in its cache. What can be possible advantages/disadvantages of page caching? How can you prevent caching of a certain page (please give several alternate solutions)?

When you use the metatag in the header section at the beginning of an HTML Web page, the Web page may still be cached in the Temporary Internet Files folder.

A page that Internet Explorer is browsing is not cached until half of the 64 KB buffer is filled. Usually, metatags are inserted in the header section of an HTML document, which appears at the beginning of the document. When the HTML code is parsed, it is read from top to bottom. When the metatag is read, Internet Explorer looks for the existence of the page in cache at that exact moment. If it is there, it is removed. To properly prevent the Web page from appearing in the cache, place another header section at the end of the HTML document.What are the different ways to login to a remote server? Explain the means, advantages and disadvantages?

There is at least 3 ways to logon to a remote server:

Use ssh or telnet if you concern with security

You can also use rlogin to logon to a remote server.Please give a regular expression (preferably Perl/PREG style), which can be used to identify the URL from within a HTML link tag.

Try this: /href="([^"]*)"/iHow can I use the COM components in php?

The COM class provides a framework to integrate (D)COM components into your PHP scripts.

string COM::COM( string module_name [, string server_name [, int codepage]]) - COM class constructor.

Parameters:

module_name: name or class-id of the requested component.

server_name: name of the DCOM server from which the component should be fetched. If NULL, localhost is assumed. To allow DCOM com, allow_dcom has to be set to TRUE in php.ini.

codepage - specifies the codepage that is used to convert php-strings to unicode-strings and vice versa. Possible values are CP_ACP, CP_MACCP, CP_OEMCP, CP_SYMBOL, CP_THREAD_ACP, CP_UTF7 and CP_UTF8.

Usage:

$word->Visible = 1; //open an empty document

$word->Documents->Add(); //do some weird stuff

$word->Selection->TypeText("This is a test…");

$word->Documents[1]->SaveAs("Useless test.doc"); //closing word

$word->Quit(); //free the object

$word->Release();

$word = null;How many ways we can give the output to a browser?

HTML output

PHP, ASP, JSP, Servlet Function

Script Language output Function

Different Type of embedded Package to output to a browserWhat is the default session time in php and how can I change it?

The default session time in php is until closing of browser What changes I have to do in php.ini file for file uploading?

Make the following line uncomment like:

; Whether to allow HTTP file uploads.

file_uploads = On

; Temporary directory for HTTP uploaded files (will use system default if not

; specified).

upload_tmp_dir = C:\apache2triad\temp

; Maximum allowed size for uploaded files.

upload_max_filesize = 2MHow can I set a cron and how can I execute it in Unix, Linux, and windows?

Cron is very simply a Linux module that allows you to run commands at predetermined times or intervals. In Windows, it's called Scheduled Tasks. The name Cron is in fact derived from the same word from which we get the word chronology, which means order of time.

The easiest way to use crontab is via the crontab command.# crontabThis command 'edits' the crontab. Upon employing this command, you will be able to enter the commands that you wish to run. My version of

Linux uses the text editor vi. You can find information on using vi here.

The syntax of this file is very important – if you get it wrong, your crontab will not function properly. The syntax of the file should be as follows:

minutes hours day_of_month month day_of_week command

All the variables, with the exception of the command itself, are numerical constants. In addition to an asterisk (*), which is a wildcard that allows any value, the ranges permitted for each field are as follows:

Minutes: 0-59

Hours: 0-23

Day_of_month: 1-31

Month: 1-12

Weekday: 0-6

We can also include multiple values for each entry, simply by separating each value with a comma.

command can be any shell command and, as we will see momentarily, can also be used to execute a Web document such as a PHP file.

So, if we want to run a script every Tuesday morning at 8:15 AM, our mycronjob file will contain the following content on a single line:

15 8 * * 2 /path/to/scriptname

This all seems simple enough, right? Not so fast! If you try to run a PHP script in this manner, nothing will happen (barring very special configurations that have PHP compiled as an executable, as opposed to an Apache module). The reason is that, in order for PHP to be parsed, it needs to be passed through Apache. In other words, the page needs to be called via a browser or other means of retrieving

Web content. For our purposes, I'll assume that your server configuration includes wget, as is the case with most default configurations. To test your configuration, log in to shell. If you're using an RPM-based system (e.g. Redhat or Mandrake), type the following:

# wget help

If you are greeted with a wget package identification, it is installed in your system.

You could execute the PHP by invoking wget on the URL to the page, like so:

# wget http://www.example.com/file.php

Now, let's go back to the mailstock.php file we created in the first part of this article. We saved it in our document root, so it should be accessible via the Internet. Remember that we wanted it to run at 4PM Eastern time, and send you your precious closing bell report? Since I'm located in the Eastern timezone, we can go ahead and set up our crontab to use 4:00, but if you live elsewhere, you might have to compensate for the time difference when setting this value.

This is what my crontab will look like:

0 4 * * 1,2,3,4,5 we get http://www.example.com/mailstock.phpSteps for the payment gateway processing?

An online payment gateway is the interface between your merchant account and your Web site. The online payment gateway allows you to immediately verify credit card transactions and authorize funds on a customer's credit card directly from your Web site. It then passes the transaction off to your merchant bank for processing, commonly referred to as transaction batchingHow many ways I can redirect a PHP page?

Here are the possible ways of php page redirection.

1. Using Java script:

'; echo 'window.location.href="'.$filename.'";'; echo ''; echo ''; echo ''; echo ''; } } redirect('http://maosjb.com'); ?>

2. Using php function: header("Location:http://maosjb.com ");List out different arguments in PHP header function?

void header ( string string [, bool replace [, int http_response_code]])What type of headers have to be added in the mail function to attach a file?

$boundary = '--' . md5( uniqid ( rand() ) );

$headers = "From: \"Me\"\n";

$headers .= "MIME-Version: 1.0\n";

$headers .= "Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=\"$boundary\"";What is the difference between Reply-to and Return-path in the headers of a mail function?

Reply-to: Reply-to is where to delivery the reply of the mail.

Return-path: Return path is when there is a mail delivery failure occurs then where to delivery the failure notification.How to store the uploaded file to the final location?

move_uploaded_file ( string filename, string destination)

This function checks to ensure that the file designated by filename is a valid upload file (meaning that it was uploaded via PHP's HTTP POST upload mechanism). If the file is valid, it will be moved to the filename given by destination.

If filename is not a valid upload file, then no action will occur, and move_uploaded_file() will return FALSE.If filename is a valid upload file, but cannot be moved for some reason, no action will occur, and move_uploaded_file() will return FALSE. Additionally, a warning will be issued.Explain about Type Juggling in php?

PHP does not require (or support) explicit type definition in variable declaration; a variable's type is determined by the context in which that variable is used. That is to say, if you assign a string value to variable $var, $var becomes a string. If you then assign an integer value to $var, it becomes an integer.

An example of PHP's automatic type conversion is the addition operator '+'. If any of the operands is a float, then all operands are evaluated as floats, and the result will be a float. Otherwise, the operands will be interpreted as integers, and the result will also be an integer. Note that this does NOT change the types of the operands themselves; the only change is in how the operands are evaluated.

$foo += 2; // $foo is now an integer (2)

$foo = $foo + 1.3; // $foo is now a float (3.3)

$foo = 5 + "10 Little Piggies"; // $foo is integer (15)

$foo = 5 + "10 Small Pigs"; // $foo is integer (15)

If the last two examples above seem odd, see String conversion to numbers.

If you wish to change the type of a variable, see settype().

If you would like to test any of the examples in this section, you can use the var_dump() function.

Note: The behavior of an automatic conversion to array is currently undefined.

Since PHP (for historical reasons) supports indexing into strings via offsets using the same syntax as array indexing, the example above leads to a problem: should $a become an array with its first element being "f", or should "f" become the first character of the string $a? The current versions of PHP interpret the second assignment as a string offset identification, so $a becomes "f", the result of this automatic conversion however should be considered undefined. PHP 4 introduced the new curly bracket syntax to access characters in string, use this syntax instead of the one presented above:How can I embed a java programme in php file and what changes have to be done in php.ini file?

There are two possible ways to bridge PHP and Java: you can either integrate PHP into a Java Servlet environment, which is the more stable and efficient solution, or integrate Java support into PHP. The former is provided by a SAPI module that interfaces with the Servlet server, the latter by this Java extension.

The Java extension provides a simple and effective means for creating and invoking methods on Java objects from PHP. The JVM is created using JNI, and everything runs in-process.

Example Code:

getProperty('java.version') . ''; echo 'Java vendor=' . $system->getProperty('java.vendor') . ''; echo 'OS=' . $system->getProperty('os.name') . ' ' . $system->getProperty('os.version') . ' on ' . $system->getProperty('os.arch') . ' '; // java.util.Date example $formatter = new Java('java.text.SimpleDateFormat', "EEEE, MMMM dd, yyyy 'at' h:mm:ss a zzzz"); echo $formatter->format(new Java('java.util.Date')); ?>

The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in php.ini.

Table 1. Java configuration options

Name

Default

Changeable

java.class.path

NULL

PHP_INI_ALL

Name Default Changeable

java.home

NULL

PHP_INI_ALL

java.library.path

NULL

PHP_INI_ALL

java.library

JAVALIB

PHP_INI_ALLExplain the ternary conditional operator in PHP?

Expression preceding the ? is evaluated, if it’s true, then the expression preceding the : is executed, otherwise, the expression following : is executed.What’s the difference between include and require?

It’s how they handle failures. If the file is not found by require(), it will cause a fatal error and halt the execution of the script. If the file is not found by include(), a warning will be issued, but execution will continue.How many ways can we get the value of current session id?

session_id() returns the session id for the current session.

(Ref:

http://techpreparation.com/computer-interview-questions

http://dev.fyicenter.com/Interview-Questions/PHP/ )

MSSql : convert dd/mm/yyyy ('24/02/2008') to MMM/dd/YYYY ('Feb/24/2008')?

2008-02-24T12:32:00.000-08:00

Its just simple. Try the following query and it will give you the result.

SELECT REPLACE(convert(varchar(11), getdate(), 109),' ','/')

Enjoy:)

MSSql : convert dd/mm/yyyy (‘24/02/2008′) to MMM/dd/YYYY (‘Feb/24/2008′)?

2008-02-24T04:15:00.000-08:00

Its just simple. Try the following query and it will give you the result.

SELECT REPLACE(convert(varchar(11), getdate(), 109),’ ‘,’/')

PHP Vs. .Net

2007-11-20T23:03:00.000-08:00

In the world of web development, the choice of which development language to use commonly comes down to two popular choices.

Web applications, specifically those relying on back end databases, are typically being created using either Microsoft's ASP.Net language, or the Open Source alternative language of PHP. Reasons why one might choose one over the other can include: The cost of development tools, or availability of such tools, or even ones comfort level with the Open Source initiative. The goal of this article is to provide some perspective on reasons why one might choose one over the other.

Active Server Pages or ASP has long been an option for creating dynamic web content. Active Server Pages facilitates the ability to use databases such as Access or SQL just to name a few, to create dynamic, feature rich websites. The work going on behind the scenes in serving up the dynamic content is being done at the server level by the Active Server Pages source code.

Microsoft has spent a great deal of time and resources promoting their .Net family of programming languages of which ASP.Net is a member. We can develop ASP.Net two ways: 1> We can develop only thru any text editor like notepad by inline code. Its not necessary to have code behind. 2> A web developer tool from microsoft which is free ... visual web developer express. That is only for web based i.e. asp.net. You cannot develop win apps in visual web developer. As with all of Microsoft's products, support and updates are constantly made available for ASP.Net. The shear amount of features that Microsoft packs into Visual Studio, coupled with Microsoft's extensive support make certainly make ASP.Net an attractive solution for any corporation's web development needs, but the cost can be prohibitive, if not impossible to afford for the individual web developer.

PHP which is in its 5th revision now, is an Open Source web development language that also facilitates the creation of feature rich, dynamic websites that can use databases. Being Open Source means simply that PHP isn't owned by anyone. Just as with Active Server Pages, the work going on behind the scenes of serving up the dynamic web content is being done by PHP at the server level.

As with most Open Source products, the resources available to a PHP developer are free of charge. This makes PHP extremely attractive to the independent web developer. There are some commercial quality development suites available from companies like Zend, but there is also wealth of free resources just a Google Search away. Because there is really no corporate entity behind PHP, support and development on PHP is done by the community of its users and developers themselves. Surprisingly this does not seem to adversely affect the ability to find support for PHP.

All in all, ASP.Net and PHP are both excellent options, offering basically the same functionality. Whether the decision comes down to the cost of initial investment, or the comfort level one has regarding Open Source, or something else entirely, the end result depends upon the mastery of whichever language is chosen.

Ian Wilson Lockwood is a support analyst for Apollo Hosting. Apollo Hosting provides website hosting, ecommerce hosting, vps hosting, and web design services to a wide range of customers.

I'll say what I have to say (from someone who uses both daily)ASP.NET Its a great language, alot of power and functionality. Can easily move between web and desktop application (code wise) and its "moreless" a compiled lang. (I know I know about its bytecode, don't want to get into that discussion). So it runs exceptionally fast after the first time its run, which is great for a site with major traffic.

It's a windows only lang. (Has be run on a windows server. And I know about Projects like MONO, but I'm talking about native support) Personally I love Windows Server, but it does limit you to a platform. This is probably its biggest con, cause as you know, if your on a budget, Windows Server isn't cheap. I would say that it native support for MSSQL Server is a con, but now with SQL Server Express, thats no longer (to me) a vaild agrument.

PHP
I love PHP. Its portable, now also has OOP support, and myself as a java and c# programmer, I was able to jump on this language and build complex apps inside a day or two. Very easy to get into. PHP has a large community, and I have seen some high traffic PHP sites (meaning it can be interrputed really fast) The greatest benefit to PHP is that you can develop on it for nearly free. You can host it on free OS's, PHP is free (although so is .NET) and its native support for mysql is top notch, and MYSQL is free. The only con I really see, is that if your not a c type programmer, and you did moreless basic type programming, you will have a bit of a learning curve.
My summary:
Both languages are EXTREMELY well suited. Its a perference thing. Don't sit here and listen to .NET fanboys or PHP fanboys agrue and rave because its the only language they know. I have seen exceptionally well coded .NET and PHP sites, and I have seen poorly coded .NET and PHP sites. Both supports the major players in the DB formats (MSSQL and MYSQL). It boils down to this...
1.) If your on a budget, I say go with PHP (Free everything)
2.) If your wanting to build a site and a complimenting desktop application, go with .NET You will be able to reuse alot of code (if coded correctly of course)
3.) If your wanting to use a free OS or hosting on a linux box, go with PHP
4.) If your not c type programmer and BASIC makes more sense to you, go with .NET
5.) If your using SQL Server, or SQL Server EXPRESS, "I" Say go with .NET although PHP can hook into these as well, its just that .NET has great native support for MSSQL, and MSSQL Express
6.) If your working with webservices again "I" say go with .NET, you can handle webservices with great ease. But so can PHP. So this is a perference for me.

You can insert your comments and suggestions for this article.

Regards
Vijay Modi

How to get values from Child window to parent window

2007-11-20T12:09:00.000-08:00

Sometimes we have a simple problem and we think its really very complex and leave it. But listen its wrong attitude. We have to solve each and every problem which are comming in our life. I face a problem that I was unable to get the values from child(Popup) window to parent window. what we need to do for setting values from child window(PopUp window/Dialog) to parent window's control(textbox). Just required to add the following javascript where we required to add the values from child to parent windows control.

I am here inserting a value in parent windows TextBox named txtTo from my child windows(PopUp dialog's) TextBox values.

Dim strScript As String = ""
Response.Write(strScript)

This will get the value of txtPopUpTitle textbox and set it in the txtTo.

Regards,
Vijay Modi

php.ini settings

2007-11-20T12:01:00.000-08:00

Hello Friends,

A article which describe what is the use of particular variable in php.ini files and how to do settings in this file. How to set each variable in php.ini file and what is the purpose of each is explain in this article. Please go through and will definetely get the solution.

Php.ini setting for each variable:

1 > allow_call_time_pass_reference Boolean

Whether to enable the ability to force arguments to be passed by reference at function call time. This method is deprecated and is likely to be unsupported in future versions of PHP/Zend. The encouraged method of specifying which arguments should be passed by reference is in the function declaration. You're encouraged to try and turn this option Off and make sure your scripts work properly with it in order to ensure they will work with future versions of the language (you will receive a warning each time you use this feature, and the argument will be passed by value instead of by reference).

Passing arguments by reference at function call time was deprecated for code cleanliness reason. Function can modify its argument in undocumented way if it didn't declare that the argument is passed by reference. To prevent side effects it's better to specify which arguments are passed by reference in function declaration only.

====================================================

2 > allow_url_fopen

This option enables the URL-aware fopen wrappers that enable accessing URL object like files. Default wrappers are provided for the access of remote files using the ftp or http protocol, some extensions like zlib may register additional wrappers.

This setting can only be set in php.ini due to security reasons.

This option was introduced immediately after the release of version 4.0.3. For versions up to and including 4.0.3 you can only disable this feature at compile time by using the configuration switch --disable-url-fopen-wrapper.

====================================================

3 > always_populate_raw_post_data Boolean

Always populate the $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA variable.

4 > arg_separator.input

List of separator(s) used by PHP to parse input URLs into variables

5 > arg_separator.output

The separator used in PHP generated URLs to separate arguments

6 > asp_tags

Enables the use of ASP-like <% %> tags in addition to the usual tags. This includes the variable-value printing shorthand of <%= $value %>.

7 > auto_globals_jit Boolean

When enabled, the SERVER and ENV variables are created when they're first used (Just In Time) instead of when the script starts. If these variables are not used within a script, having this directive on will result in a performance gain

The PHP directives register_globals, register_long_arrays, and register_argc_argv must be disabled for this directive to have any affect.

8 > display_error and display_startup_errors

These two settings control whether PHP should display errors in the browser or be silent. It is recommended that you turn these two settings Off during production so that you don't accidentally display sensitive information about your Web site. This is especially true for dynamic Web sites that send usernames and password to access a database. In your php.ini file, this configuration will look like:

display_errors = off

display_startup_errors = off

9 > log_erros and error_log

There two settings control how PHP logs errors for later review. It is helpful to use these two settings if you have turned Off display_errors and display_startup_errors. In your php.ini file, this configuration will look like

Log_errors = On

Error_log = /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/phperrors.log

Replace /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/ with the path to your Web directory. Make sure that you have a file called phperrors.log in the root of your Web directory (typically public_html) and make sure it is read and writable by you

10 > session.save_path

This setting controls the location of server-side session cookies when your script uses PHP's session management functions. The server default php.ini file has this variable set to /use/a/folder/in/your/web/root, disabling the user of sessions. In order to use PHP sessions, you will need to create a temp folder in your web directory and change this option to point to it:

There are a number of reasons for requiring this configuration:

(1) To make sure that another user doesn't tamper with these cookies. (2)To keep the /tmp folder from filling up, causing other programs to fail. (3) Due to the clustered nature of the UW webservers, session info should be stored in a place that is available on all machines in the cluster

session.save_path = /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/tmp

Replace /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/ with the path to your Web directory. Again, make sure that you have a directory called tmp in the root of your Web directory (typically public_html) and make sure it is read and writable by you only

11 > upload_temp_dir

This setting controls the temporary location of files uploaded with an HTML form. If you don't specify a path for this setting, uploaded files will be temporarily stored in a world-readable location on the server. To protect ease of manipulation and the confidentiality of such files, you should create a directory in your account and specify the new path in your php.ini file

upload_tmp_dir = /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/tmp

Replace /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/ with the path to your Web directory. Make sure that you have a directory called tmp in the root of your Web directory (typically public_html) and make sure it is read and writable by you only.

13 > enable_dl

This directive is really only useful in the Apache module version of PHP. You can turn dynamic loading of PHP extensions with dl() on and off per virtual server or per directory.

The main reason for turning dynamic loading off is security. With dynamic loading, it's possible to ignore all open_basedir restrictions. The default is to allow dynamic loading, except when using safe mode. In safe mode, it's always impossible to use dl().

14 > extension_dir string

In what directory PHP should look for dynamically loadable extensions

15 > file_uploads

Whether or not to allow HTTP file uploads. See also the upload_max_filesize, upload_tmp_dir, and post_max_size directives

16 > gpc_order

Set the order of GET/POST/COOKIE variable parsing. The default setting of this directive is "GPC". Setting this to "GP", for example, will cause PHP to completely ignore cookies and to overwrite any GET method variables with POST-method variables of the same name

This option is not available in PHP 4. Use variables_order instead

17 > include_path

Specifies a list of directories where the require(), include() and fopen_with_path() functions look for files. The format is like the system's PATH environment variable: a list of directories separated with a colon in Unix or semicolon in Windows

Unix include_path

include_path=".:/php/includes”

Window include_path

include_path=".;c:\php\includes”

Using a . in the include path allows for relative includes as it means the current directory

18 > magic_quotes_gpc

Sets the magic_quotes state for GPC (Get/Post/Cookie) operations. When magic_quotes are on, all ' (single-quote), " (double quote), \ (backslash) and NUL's are escaped with a backslash automatically.

19 > magic_quotes_runtime

If magic_quotes_runtime is enabled, most functions that return data from any sort of external source including databases and text files will have quotes escaped with a backslash. If magic_quotes_sybase is also on, a single-quote is escaped with a single-quote instead of a backslash.

20 > magic_quotes_sybase

If the magic_quotes_sybase directive is also ON it will completely override magic_quotes_gpc. Having both directives enabled means only single quotes are escaped as ''. Double quotes, backslashes and NUL's will remain untouched and unescaped

21 > max_execution_time

This sets the maximum time in seconds a script is allowed to run before it is terminated by the parser. This helps prevent poorly written scripts from tying up the server. The default setting is 30.

The maximum execution time is not affected by system calls, stream operations etc. Please see the set_time_limit() function for more details.

You can not change this setting with ini_set() when running in safe mode. The only workaround is to turn off safe mode or by changing the time limit in the php.ini.

Your webserver can have other timeouts. E.g. Apache has Timeout directive, IIS has CGI timeout function, both default to 300 seconds. See the webserver documentation for meaning of it.

22 > max_input_time

This sets the maximum time in seconds a script is allowed to receive input data, like POST, GET and file uploads

23 > open_basedir

Limit the files that can be opened by PHP to the specified directory-tree, including the file itself. This directive is NOT affected by whether Safe Mode is turned On or Off.

When a script tries to open a file with, for example, fopen() or gzopen(), the location of the file is checked. When the file is outside the specified directory-tree, PHP will refuse to open it. All symbolic links are resolved, so it's not possible to avoid this restriction with a symlink.

The special value . indicates that the working directory of the script will be used as the base-directory. This is, however, a little dangerous as the working directory of the script can easily be changed with chdir().

In httpd.conf, open_basedir can be turned off (e.g. for some virtual hosts) the same way as any other configuration directive with "php_admin_value open_basedir none".

Under Windows, separate the directories with a semicolon. On all other systems, separate the directories with a colon. As an Apache module, open_basedir paths from parent directories are now automatically inherited.

The restriction specified with open_basedir is actually a prefix, not a directory name. This means that "open_basedir = /dir/incl" also allows access to "/dir/include" and "/dir/incls" if they exist. When you want to restrict access to only the specified directory, end with a slash. For example: "open_basedir = /dir/incl/"

Note: Support for multiple directories was added in 3.0.7.

The default is to allow all files to be opened.

24 > output_buffering

Normally, session, cookie or HTTP header data in a PHP script must be sent before any output is generated by the script. If this is not possible in your application, you can enable what PHP calls output buffering, with the output_buffering variable.

With output buffering on, PHP stores the output of your script in a special memory buffer and sends it only when explicitly told to do so. This allows you to send special HTTP headers and cookie data even in the middle or at the end of your script; however, it can degrade performance marginally.

output_buffering = Off

You can also pass the output_buffering variable a number indicating the size of the buffer, for example:

output_buffering = 2048

25 > output_handler

You can redirect all of the output of your scripts to a function. For example, if you set output_handler to mb_output_handler(), character encoding will be transparently converted to the specified encoding. Setting any output handler automatically turns on output buffering.

Note: You cannot use both mb_output_handler() with ob_iconv_handler() and you cannot use both ob_gzhandler() and zlib.output_compression.

Note: Only built-in functions can be used with this directive. For user defined functions, use ob_start().

26 > post_max_size

Also related to form submission is the post_max_size variable, which controls the maximum amount of data that PHP will accept in a single form submission with the POST method. It's unlikely you'll ever need to increase this from the default value of 8 MB; instead, you should probably reduce it to a more realistic figure. However, if you're planning on using the file upload features of PHP, keep this value greater than the value of upload_max_filesize.

post_max_size = 8M

27 > precision

The number of significant digits displayed in floating point numbers.

28 > register_argc_argv

Tells PHP whether to declare the argv & argc variables (that would contain the GET information).

29 > register_globals

New to PHP 4.1.0, the register_globals setting controls how you access form, server, and environment variables. By default this variable is set to Off, requiring you to use special arrays to access these variables. Those familiar with older versions of PHP will be used to an environment in which the register_globals variable is effectively On; with this setting, you can access form, server and environment variables simply by name

Note: This change occurred in PHP 4.1.0 because when register_globals is set to On, PHP scripts are more vulnerable to attacks. Some older PHP applications will require this setting to be on, but it is safer to write new scripts with the assumption that register_globals will be set to Off

To retrieve the value of from a form submitted with the POST method, use the following syntax

PHP code when register_globals = On

$myNewVariable = $formVariable

PHP code when register_globals = Off

$myNewVariable = $_POST['formVariable'];

30 > report_memleaks

report_memleaks is one of the few directives in the php.ini file that I've never had reason to change. Setting this to "Off" will prevent memory leak errors being displayed. However, memory leaks are only displayed when you compile PHP with "--enable-debug" (which allows you to perform some advanced tasks (eg backtraces). This would never affect a production environment, and rarely a development one.
Values: On (default), Off

31 > safe_mode

The PHP safe mode is an attempt to solve the shared-server security problem. It is architecturally incorrect to try to solve this problem at the PHP level, but since the alternatives at the web server and OS levels aren't very realistic, many people, especially ISP's, use safe mode for now

Whether to enable PHP's safe mode. Read the Security chapter for more information.

32 > safe_mode_exec_dir

If PHP is used in safe mode, system() and the other functions executing system programs refuse to start programs that are not in this directory. You have to use / as directory separator on all environments including Windows.

One Safe Mode trouble maker is safe_mode_exec_dir. By default safe_mode_exec_dir is empty, so external programs like `convert' cannot be started.

In my testing, on one (Debian) server I was able to use Image Magick's `convert' command (but not for converting gallery images) by using the following steps:

Create a link to `convert' in /usr/local/bin/ with

ln -s /usr/bin/convert /usr/local/bin/
Enable starting programs in that directory with a line in php.ini

safe_mode_exec_dir = "/usr/local/bin"
Restart the web server.
Make Qdig aware of the new location with

$convert_cmd = '/usr/bin/convert';@@
This also works:

Enable starting /usr/bin programs in php.ini with

safe_mode_exec_dir = "/usr/local/bin"
Restart the web server.

so does this:

Create a directory for PHP-safe binaries

mkdir /usr/local/php_safe_bin
Create a link to `convert' in /usr/local/bin/ with

ln -s /usr/bin/convert /usr/local/php_safe_bin/
Enable starting programs in that directory with a line in php.ini

safe_mode_exec_dir = "/usr/local/php_safe_bin"
Restart the web server.
Make Qdig aware of the new location with

$convert_cmd = '/usr/php_safe_bin/convert';@@
The reason for creating a link rather than copying the file is because otherwise system updates will not replace the copy you are using.

For review, the three pertinent settings in php.ini are

safe_mode = On
safe_mode_gid = On
safe_mode_exec_dir = "/path/to/convert/executable"
where only the top two lines are necessary if you are using GD to convert images.

33 > safe_mode_gid

By default, Safe Mode does a UID compare check when opening files. If you want to relax this to a GID compare, then turn on safe_mode_gid. Whether to use UID (FALSE) or GID (TRUE) checking upon file access

To avoid the server-can't-access-files-it-has-written error, the server administrator can enable PHP's safe_mode_gid by adding this line

safe_mode_gid = On
to the the server's PHP configuration file (php.ini) and restarting the web server daemon.

Your web hosting provider should be willing to enable safe_mode_gid (manual page) for you because the security benefit probably exceeds the security risk. This is because

· files written in ordinary (non-SetGID) directories still will be blocked, and

· leaving it disabled encourages users to use world-writable directories and files.

Enabling safe_mod_gid, combined with using (temporarily) "2777" (versus "777") permissions for the qdig-files/ directory during setup, will cause your Qdig installation to Just Work as long PHP's GD extension is loaded and available for image conversion

34 > safe_mode_include_dir

UID/GID checks are bypassed when including files from this directory and its subdirectories (directory must also be in include_path or full path must including).

As of PHP 4.2.0, this directive can take a colon (semi-colon on Windows) separated path in a fashion similar to the include_path directive, rather than just a single directory.

The restriction specified is actually a prefix, not a directory name. This means that "safe_mode_include_dir = /dir/incl" also allows access to "/dir/include" and "/dir/incls" if they exist. When you want to restrict access to only the specified directory, end with a slash. For example: "safe_mode_include_dir = /dir/incl/"

If the value of this directive is empty, no files with different UID/GID can be included in PHP 4.2.3 and as of PHP 4.3.3. In earlier versions, all files could be included.

35 > sendmail_from

In either case, you'll want to set the sendmail_from option to your email address, or whichever address you'd like to appear as the default 'from' address for emails sent from PHP scripts.

Here's how the section might look on a typical Windows server, or on a Linux server without sendmail:

[mail function]
; Setup for Windows systems
SMTP = smtp.my.isp.net
sendmail_from = me@myserver.com

And here's how it might look on a Linux server with sendmail:

[mail function]
; Setup for Linux systems
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t
sendmail_from = me@myserver.com

36 > sendmail_path

If you're going to use PHP's mail() function, there are three variables you may need to set. The SMTP and sendmail_from variables (on Windows) or the sendmail_path variable (on UNIX) are used when sending e-mail messages through PHP's mail() function. On Windows, these variables set the SMTP server to be used and the From: address to display in e-mail messages; on UNIX, the sendmail_path variable sets the path of the MTA (mail transfer agent) for mail delivery:

SMTP = myserver.localnet.com
sendmail_from = me@localhost.com
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
37 > short_open_tag

Tells whether the short form () of PHP's open tag should be allowed. If you want to use PHP in combination with XML, you can disable this option in order to use inline. Otherwise, you can print it with PHP, for example: . Also if disabled, you must use the long form of the PHP open tag ().

Note: This directive also affects the shorthand SMTP

If you're going to use PHP's mail() function, there are three variables you may need to set. The SMTP and sendmail_from variables (on Windows) or the sendmail_path variable (on UNIX) are used when sending e-mail messages through PHP's mail() function. On Windows, these variables set the SMTP server to be used and the From: address to display in e-mail messages; on UNIX, the sendmail_path variable sets the path of the MTA (mail transfer agent) for mail delivery:

SMTP = myserver.localnet.com

39 > smtp_port

Used under Windows only: Number of the port to connect to the server specified with the SMTP setting when sending mail with mail(); defaults to 25. Only available since PHP 4.3.0.

40 > track_errors

If enabled, the last error message will always be present in the global variable $php_errormsg

In addition, if you set the php.ini setting track_errors = On, the last error message encountered will be stored in $php_errormsg. This is true regardless of whether you have used the @ syntax for error suppression

41 > unserialize_callback_func

The unserialize_callback_func directive is one of the more advanced settings in the php.ini file, and the chances are very good that if you change this before you are familiar with serialization, you will cause massive problems on your own server. I'd leave this well alone!

42 > upload_max_filesize

The maximum size of an uploaded file. When an integer is used, the value is measured in bytes. You may also use shorthand notation as described in this FAQ.

43 > upload_tmp_dir

This setting controls the temporary location of files uploaded with an HTML form. If you don't specify a path for this setting, uploaded files will be temporarily stored in a world-readable location on the server. To protect ease of manipulation and the confidentiality of such files, you should create a directory in your account and specify the new path in your php.ini file:

upload_tmp_dir = /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/tmp

Replace /hwxx/daxx/uwnetid/ with the path to your Web directory. Make sure that you have a directory called tmp in the root of your Web directory (typically public_html) and make sure it is read and writable by you only.

44 > user_dir

The base name of the directory used on a user's home directory for PHP files, for example public_html.

45 > variables_order

Set the order of the EGPCS (Environment, GET, POST, Cookie, Server) variable parsing. The default setting of this directive is "EGPCS". Setting this to "GP", for example, will cause PHP to completely ignore environment variables, cookies and server variables, and to overwrite any GET method variables with POST-method variables of the same name

46 > y2k_compliance

The y2k_compliance directive instructs PHP to use 4-digit years. This setting can apparently cause problems with some browsers (Navigator 3, and possibly others - any that can't understand 4-digit years) when set to On. However, not having it On will possibly cause problems with modern browsers, which can have problems with 2-digit years. I leave this on.

Values: On (default), Off

47 > zend.ze1_compatibility_mode

Enable compatibility mode with Zend Engine 1 (PHP 4). It affects the cloning, casting, and comparing of objects

SESSION

48 > Session Support

Session support in PHP consists of a way to preserve certain data across subsequent accesses. This enables you to build more customized applications and increase the appeal of your web site.

A visitor accessing your web site is assigned an unique id, the so-called session id. This is either stored in a cookie on the user side or is propagated in the URL.

The session support allows you to register arbitrary numbers of variables to be preserved across requests. When a visitor accesses your site, PHP will check automatically (if session.auto_start is set to 1) or on your request (explicitly through session_start() or implicitly through session_register()) whether a specific session id has been sent with the request. If this is the case, the prior saved environment is recreated.

49 > session.name string

session.name specifies the name of the session which is used as cookie name. It should only contain alphanumeric characters. Defaults to PHPSESSID. See also session_name().

50 > session.auto_start boolean

session.auto_start specifies whether the session module starts a session automatically on request startup. Defaults to 0 (disabled).

51 > session.serialize_handler string

session.serialize_handler defines the name of the handler which is used to serialize/deserialize data. Currently, a PHP internal format (name php) and WDDX is supported (name wddx). WDDX is only available, if PHP is compiled with WDDX support. Defaults to php.

52 > session.gc_probability integer

session.gc_probability in conjunction with session.gc_divisor is used to manage probability that the gc (garbage collection) routine is started. Defaults to 1. See session.gc_divisor for details.

53 > session.gc_divisor integer

session.gc_divisor coupled with session.gc_probability defines the probability that the gc (garbage collection) process is started on every session initialization. The probability is calculated by using gc_probability/gc_divisor, e.g. 1/100 means there is a 1% chance that the GC process starts on each request. session.gc_divisor defaults to 100.

54 > session.gc_maxlifetime integer

session.gc_maxlifetime specifies the number of seconds after which data will be seen as 'garbage' and cleaned up.

Note: If you are using the default file-based session handler, your filesystem must keep track of access times (atime). Windows FAT does not so you will have to come up with another way to handle garbage collecting your session if you are stuck with a FAT filesystem or any other fs where atime tracking is not available. Since PHP 4.2.3 it has used mtime (modified date) instead of atime. So, you won't have problems with filesystems where atime tracking is not available.

55 > session.referer_check string

session.referer_check contains the substring you want to check each HTTP Referer for. If the Referer was sent by the client and the substring was not found, the embedded session id will be marked as invalid. Defaults to the empty string.

56 > session.entropy_file string

session.entropy_file gives a path to an external resource (file) which will be used as an additional entropy source in the session id creation process. Examples are /dev/random or /dev/urandom which are available on many Unix systems.

57 > session.entropy_length integer

session.entropy_length specifies the number of bytes which will be read from the file specified above. Defaults to 0 (disabled).

58 > session.use_cookies boolean

session.use_cookies specifies whether the module will use cookies to store the session id on the client side. Defaults to 1 (enabled).

59 > session.use_only_cookies boolean

session.use_only_cookies specifies whether the module will only use cookies to store the session id on the client side. Defaults to 0 (disabled, for backward compatibility). Enabling this setting prevents attacks involved passing session ids in URLs. This setting was added in PHP 4.3.0.

60 > session.cookie_lifetime integer

session.cookie_lifetime specifies the lifetime of the cookie in seconds which is sent to the browser. The value 0 means "until the browser is closed." Defaults to 0. See also session_get_cookie_params() and session_set_cookie_params().

61 > session.cookie_path string

session.cookie_path specifies path to set in session_cookie. Defaults to /. See also session_get_cookie_params() and session_set_cookie_params().

62 > session.cookie_domain string

session.cookie_domain specifies the domain to set in session_cookie. Default is none at all. See also session_get_cookie_params() and session_set_cookie_params().

63 > session.cookie_secure boolean

session.cookie_secure specifies whether cookies should only be sent over secure connections. Defaults to off. This setting was added in PHP 4.0.4. See also session_get_cookie_params() and session_set_cookie_params().

64 > session.cache_limiter string

session.cache_limiter specifies cache control method to use for session pages (none/nocache/private/private_no_expire/public). Defaults to nocache. See also session_cache_limiter().

65 > session.cache_expire integer

session.cache_expire specifies time-to-live for cached session pages in minutes, this has no effect for nocache limiter. Defaults to 180. See also session_cache_expire().

66 > session.use_trans_sid boolean

session.use_trans_sid whether transparent sid support is enabled or not. Defaults to 0 (disabled).

Note: For PHP 4.1.2 or less, it is enabled by compiling with --enable-trans-sid. From PHP 4.2.0, trans-sid feature is always compiled.

URL based session management has additional security risks compared to cookie based session management. Users may send a URL that contains an active session ID to their friends by email or users may save a URL that contains a session ID to their bookmarks and access your site with the same session ID always, for example.

67 > session.bug_compat_42 boolean

PHP versions 4.2.3 and lower have an undocumented feature/bug that allows you to initialize a session variable in the global scope, albeit register_globals is disabled. PHP 4.3.0 and later will warn you, if this feature is used, and if session.bug_compat_warn is also enabled. This feature/bug can be disabled by disabling this directive.

68 > session.bug_compat_warn boolean

PHP versions 4.2.3 and lower have an undocumented feature/bug that allows you to initialize a session variable in the global scope, albeit register_globals is disabled. PHP 4.3.0 and later will warn you, if this feature is used by enabling both session.bug_compat_42 and session.bug_compat_warn.

69 > session.hash_function integer

session.hash_function allows you to specify the hash algorithm used to generate the session IDs. '0' means MD5 (128 bits) and '1' means SHA-1 (160 bits).

Note: This was introduced in PHP 5.

70 > session.hash_bits_per_character integer

session.hash_bits_per_character allows you to define how many bits are stored in each character when converting the binary hash data to something readable. The possible values are '4' (0-9, a-f), '5' (0-9, a-v), and '6' (0-9, a-z, A-Z, "-", ",").

Note: This was introduced in PHP 5.

71 > url_rewriter.tags string

url_rewriter.tags specifies which HTML tags are rewritten to include session id if transparent sid support is enabled. Defaults to a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry,fieldset=

Note: If you want XHTML conformity, remove the form entry and use the

tags around your form fields.

You can add your comments and suggesions regarding this article.

Great Na?

Regards
Vijay Modi